Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification life introduction to plant kingdom classification of organisms

Linneaus classified the organisms on the basis of their

  1. Similar genetics

  2. Similar cell structures

  3. Similar habitats

  4. Both B and C

  5. Evolutionary relationships
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Linnaeus classified the organisms in two kingdoms namely, Plantae and Animalia on the basis of the difference in the forms and constituents. These differences were based on the mode of nutrition, habitat and physical appearance. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification life introduction to plant kingdom classification of organisms

Plant classification as proposed by Carolus Linnaeus was artificial because it was based on

  1. only a few morphological characters

  2. all the possible characters

  3. anatomical characters which are adaptive in nature

  4. physiological and morphological characters.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Artificial systems of classification were based upon morphological characters {such as habit, habitat, colour, number and shape of leaves, etc.) for grouping of organisms. They were mainly based on vegetative characters or on the androecium structure. These systems separated the closely related species since they were based only on a few characteristics.

Multiple choice biology biodiversity and classification life introduction to plant kingdom classification of organisms

How many species of plants did Carolus Linnaeus list in the 1$^{st}$ edition of his book Species Plantarum (1753)?

  1. 10,900

  2. 7,900

  3. 6,000

  4. 15,700
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Species Plantarum, (1753), two-volume work by the Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus, in which he established a precise and workable two-word, or binomial, system for naming plants. This system forms the basis of modern plant taxonomy. In this master work Linnaeus described 6,000 species of plants and assigned each plant a genus name and a species name, the genus representing a group of plants, the species designating specific individuals within a given genus. Species Plantarum was the first work that consistently applied a referable system of nomenclature; it was a vast improvement over the cumbersome polynomial descriptions generally used before its publication. The first edition of Species Plantarum (with the 1754 edition of an earlier work, Genera Plantarum) has been internationally accepted as the starting point in the nomenclature of flowering plants and ferns.

So the correct option is '6,000'.

Multiple choice biology classification and variation life introduction to plant kingdom classification of organisms

Which of the following statement is not true regarding keys?

  1. Key is a taxonomical aid and is used for the identification of plants and animals based on similarities and differences.

  2. The keys are based on a pair of contrasting characters generally called couplet.

  3. Each statement in a key is called lead.

  4. Separate taxonomic keys are not required for each taxonomic category such as family, genus and species for their identification purpose.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Taxonomic keys are specific to each taxonomic category. A separate key is required for each rank (e.g., family, genus, species) because the diagnostic characters vary significantly between levels.

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology venation arrangement of leaves morphology of leaf

Veins are _________ strands on the lamina.

  1. Conducting

  2. Transpirational

  3. Exceptional

  4. Flattened
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Veins provide support for the leaf and transport both water and minerals (via xylem) and food energy (via phloem) through the leaf and on to the rest of the plant and hence are conducting in their function.

So, the correct option is 'Conducting'.

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology venation arrangement of leaves morphology of leaf

In Musa, the venation is

  1. Unicostate reticulate

  2. Unicostate parallel

  3. Multicostate reticulate

  4. Multicostate parallel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Venation is the arrangement of veins on the leaves. It is basically of 2 types, reticulate and parallel. Reticulate venation involves irregular distribution of veins to form a network. Parallel venation involves the veins running parallel to each other. In pinnate or unicostate venation, the lamina has a single principal vein or midrib. It produces lateral veins. In palmate or multicostate venation, lamina has more than one principal vein. In Musa, the venation is unicostate parallel. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Unicostate parallel.'

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology venation arrangement of leaves morphology of leaf

Unicostate venation is called as

  1. Palmate

  2. Pinnate

  3. Reticulate

  4. Parallel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Venation is the arrangement of veins on the leaves. It is basically of 2 types, reticulate and parallel. Reticulate venation involves irregular distribution of veins to form a network. Parallel venation involves the veins running parallel to each other. Pinnate venation is also called as unicostate venation. In this, the lamina has a single principal vein or midrib. It produces lateral veins. Palmate venation is also called as multicostate venation. In this, lamina has more than one principal vein. 

Thus, the correct answer is 'Pinnate.'

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology venation arrangement of leaves morphology of leaf

The row of smaller leaves lying in the mid-ventral line of members of Acrogenous Jungermanniales are termed as _____________.

  1. Amphigastria

  2. Amphithecium

  3. Amphigenous

  4. Amphigynous
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In Jungermanniales, the leaves are arranged in three rows, two lateral and one ventral. The smaller ventral leaves are called amphigastria or underleaves.

Multiple choice biology plant taxonomy classification of kingdom plantae features of plant and animal kingdom plant classification

Classification of kingdom plantae includes

  1. Bryophytes, pteridophytes, angiosperms, gymnosperms

  2. Angiosperms, gymnosperms

  3. Bryophytes, pteridophytes

  4. Gymnosperms, pteridophytes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The Kingdom Plantae is also called as kingdom Metaphyta. The kingdom Plantae includes all types of eukaryotic, multicellular, photosynthetic plants found in this biosphere.

It includes bryophytes, pteridophytes, angiosperms, and gymnosperms.
This kingdom includes all types of plants like herbs, shrubs, trees, creepers, climbers, aquatic plants, desert plants, mountain plants, flowering, and nonflowering plants, etc.

Multiple choice biology plant taxonomy classification of kingdom plantae features of plant and animal kingdom plant classification

Kingdom plantae include which of the following sub-kingdoms?

  1. Cryptogams and phanerogams

  2. Cryptogams and Porifera

  3. Thallophyta and Bryophyta

  4. Pteridophyta and Thallophyta
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cryptogams and phanerogams are the two sub-kingdoms of kingdom plantae.
Porifera is phylum of kingdom Animalia. Thallophyta, Bryophyta and Pteridophyta are the division of kingdom plantae.

Thus option A is correct.

Multiple choice biology plant taxonomy classification of kingdom plantae features of plant and animal kingdom plant classification

Kingdom Plantae includes organisms that are

  1. Unicellular and eukaryotic

  2. Multicellular, eukaryotic and saprophytic

  3. Multicellular, eukaryotic and autotrophic

  4. Multicellular, eukaryotic and heterotrophic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Kingdom Plantae includes all multicellular eukaryotic organisms containing chlorophyll. They are autotrophs as they can make their own food with the help of solar energy. The cell wall of plants comprises of cellulose. They have the ability to grow by cell division. They lack motility. Thus, the correct option is C.

Multiple choice biology plant taxonomy classification of kingdom plantae features of plant and animal kingdom plant classification

Archegoniatae include

  1. Bryophytes, Pteridophytes and Gymnosperms

  2. Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

  3. Algae, Fungi and Bryophytes

  4. Algae, Fungi and Bacteria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

An archegonium is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete. The archegonium has a long neck canal or venter and a swollen base. Archegonia are located on the surface of the plant thallus. Plants having archegonium is known as archegoniate. Bryophytes, pteridophytes and gymnosperms are archegoniate plants. so option A is correct.