Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,473 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice zoology plant taxonomy nomenclature in classification nomenclature of animals introduction to plant kingdom

Binomial system of nomenclature means that every organism has___________

  1. Two names, one scientific and the other popular

  2. One name given by two scientists

  3. One scientific name consisting of a generic and specific name

  4. A number in an international catalogue by which it can be identified
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
 C Linnaeus, the father of taxonomy, introduced the binomial system of nomenclature. He dealt about this in the 10th edition of his book 'Systema Naturae' which was published in 1785.
This is a system of providing organisms with distinct scientific names which consist of two words, the first one indicating a generic name (Genus). The first and second together form a specific name (Species). These two words are in Latin or Latinized if derived from other languages.
Genus is a common noun and starts with a capital letter. It indicates the name of a group. In the specific name, the second word is like an adjective and begins with a small letter excepting the cases when it denotes proper nouns like the name of a person, place or the like. It may then, start with a capital letter.
The names when written should be underlined to indicate their Latin origin. In the printed form, they should be italicized.
The name of the author who has first described the plant in scientific journals may be appended in full or abbreviated form. For example - the botanical name of mango is Mangifera indica Linn. All three comprise binomial nomenclature.
The generic name is one for all species whereas the species name is variable. For example - Ficus bengalensis, Ficus religiosa, Ficus glomerata, which represent banyan, peepul and fig trees respectively. All have one generic name Ficus but their species names are F.bengalensis, F.religiosa, F.glomerata.
Multiple choice botany taxonomy and systematic botany importance and classification of angiosperms plant adaptation adaptation in plants uses of angiosperms classification of angiosperms

Among the plants listed, point out which one does not fit into ecological group represented by other plants 

  1. Acacia

  2. Rhizophora / Vallisneria

  3. Euphorbia

  4. Aloe
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Acacia, Aloe, Euphorbia are xerophytes plants while Vallisneria is hydrophyte and Rhizophora belongs to the halophyte plant group.

Multiple choice botany plant taxonomy nomenclature in classification introduction to plant kingdom history of classification

P: The taxonomic hierarchy for Brassica campestris can be written as.
Plantae $\rightarrow$ Phanerogamae $\rightarrow$ Angiospermae $\rightarrow$ Dicotyledonae $\rightarrow$ Parietales $\rightarrow$ Brassicaceae $\rightarrow$ Brassica $\rightarrow$ campestris.
Q: Tautonym is the taxonomic designation used for certain plants having trinomial nomenclature.
R: A character present in an ancestral species and shares exclusively by its evolutionary descendants is referred to as synapomorphy.
S: Family Fabaceae is divided into three sub-families, i.e., Leguminosae, Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae.
Which of the following combinations of given statements is correct?

  1. P and Q

  2. P and R

  3. R and S

  4. P, R and S
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Tautonym is the taxonomic designation used for certain animals assigned with same generic name and specific name. E.g. Rattus rattus (rat), Catla catla (catla), etc. Family Leguminosae is divided into three sub-families, i.e., Papilionacea ($=$Fabaceae), Mimosaceae and Caesalpiniaceae.

Multiple choice zoology biology : an introduction characteristics of life living world and classification attributes of living organisms

Which statement is wrong:

  1. Both Ascospores and Basidiospores are sexual spores formed endogenously.

  2. Phenetic classification is based on observable characters of an organism.

  3. Monograph contains information on any one taxon.

  4. Herbarium is the storehouse of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ascospores and Basidiospores are sexual spores, but they are formed exogenously (on the outside of the specialized structure like the ascus or basidium), not endogenously.

Multiple choice zoology biology : an introduction characteristics of life living world and classification attributes of living organisms

Choose the correct pair option:
(i) Growth by mass - Defining property.
(ii) Hominidae - Family of humans.
(iii) Potato and brinjal - belong to the same species.
(iv) The specialised gardens with collections of living plants - Indian Botanical Garden.
(v) Biological names - Seldom Latin.

  1. (i), (ii) and (v).

  2. (ii) and (iv).

  3. (i), (ii) and (iv).

  4. (ii), (iii) and (iv).
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Growth by mass is a feature but not a defining property (as non-living things also grow by mass). Potato and brinjal are different species. Biological names are derived from Latin. Hominidae is the family of humans, and botanical gardens are collections of living plants.

Multiple choice zoology biology : an introduction characteristics of life living world and classification attributes of living organisms

In the binomial system of taxonomy, developed during the $18^{th}$ century by C. Linnaeus, the second word of an organism's biological name represents.

  1. Species

  2. Genus

  3. Race

  4. Family
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In the binomial system of taxonomy, the second word of an organised biological name represents the species. The binomial nomenclature was formed by Linnaeus. In this, each name has two components the generic name and the specific epithet. Generic name starts with capital letter while the other with small letter. Both the word, when handwritten are separately underlined or printed in italics to indicate their Latin origin. Name of the another appear at the end of the biological name in abbreviated form.

eg:- Mangifera indica Linn was first described by Linnaeus ans is the scientific name of mango. Mangifera is the gnus while indica is the species name.

Multiple choice botany leaf - external morphology morphology of leaf structure of a leaf the leaf

In Funaria, archegonia attracts antherozoids by

  1. Sucrose / Sugar

  2. Malic acid

  3. Maleic acid

  4. Citric acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • During fertilization of Funaria, the ventral canal cell and the neck canal cells of the archegonium dis­integrate forming a mucilaginous substance. This mucilaginous substance absorbs water accu­mulated as rain or dew water, then swells up and the resultant pressure breaks apart the terminal cover cell. Now sugar containing mucilaginous substances ooze out through the opening of the archegonial neck.
  • The liberated antherozoids are now attrac­ted chemotactically towards the archegonia. Large numbers of antherozoids enter the neck, but only one of them fuses with the egg nucleus to form the diploid zygote.
  • Hence In Funaria, archegonia attract antherozoids by 'Sucrose / Sugar '.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Sucrose / Sugar '.
Multiple choice zoology biodiversity, classification and conservation levels of biodiversity environmental conservation and biodiversity biodiversity on earth and in india

Gymnosperm species known from India is

  1. 119

  2. 209

  3. 64

  4. 48
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Gymnosperms mean naked seeds; their ovules are naked and freely exposed to pollination, and the fertilized seeds are not enclosed by carpels. Great biodiversity exists on our planet. Millions of living plants and animal species are flourishing on Earth. An approximate of 1.7 million organisms are known to exist. 64 gymnosperm species are known from India.

So, the correct answer is '64'.

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

In Bryophyta, organs are referred to as "Leaf like' and 'Stem like' and not the true leaf and stem because

  1. They lack vasuclar tissues

  2. They are non-green

  3. They do not function as leaf and stem

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In Bryophyta, organs are referred to as "Leaf like' and 'Stem like' and not the true leaf and stem, because leaf and stem have the complex tissues, which perform the water and food conduction. Bryophytes being the lower plants do not have true leaf, stem and roots. They do not have vascular tissue system. 

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

Non vascular land plants are called as

  1. Bryophtyes

  2. Pteridophytes

  3. Fungi

  4. Algae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophytes are non vascular land plants. Fungi and algae belongs to the group Thallophyta, which is the lower plants than Bryophytes on land. Pteridophytes are the first vascular plants on land with all vascular tissues. Since, Bryophytes do not have true leaf, stem and roots, do not have vascular tissues for the water and food conduction, water is absorbed by diffusion process. 

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

Which of the following is the amphibians of the plant kingdom?

  1. Pteridophyte

  2. Bryophyte

  3. Cycas

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Bryophytes are also called as the amphibians of the plant world due to their preference for moist habitat and dependence on water for fertilization, despite being land plants.

Multiple choice botany kingdom plantae uses of bryophytes introduction to bryophytes cryptogams

Bryophytes have conducting tissue.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Xylem and phloem are vascular tissues which are a complex conducting tissue formed of more than one type of cell. Xylem transports water and minerals while phloem conducts organic food. Bryophytes do not have to conduct tissues. They are non-vascular terrestrial plants of moist habitats in which a multicellular diploid sporophyte lives as a parasite on an independent multicellular haploid gametophyte. Pteridophytes are the first terrestrial plants to possess conducting tissues.