Biology

Plant Biology and Classification

1,796 Questions

Plant Biology and Classification deals with the taxonomy, evolution, and morphological features of the plant kingdom. This collection offers practice questions on plant groups, taxonomic hierarchies, and specific plant characteristics. The questions are tailored for students preparing for biology competitive exams.

Plant taxonomyPteridophytesAngiospermsPlant morphologyAlgae and bryophytesClassification systems

Plant Biology and Classification Questions

Multiple choice biology plants in daily life uses of gymnosperms introduction to gymnosperms importance of plants

Select the correct one from the following

  1. Vascular tissues develop first in amphibian bryophytes

  2. Seed formation start from the pteridophyte plants

  3. Thalloid mycelium and hyphae are common in green algae.

  4. Wood of gymnosperms are durable and resistant to termites attack
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

  • Vascular tissues did not appear in bryophytes. Bryophytes are non-vascular plants. 
  • Pteridophytes do not have seeds. Seed formation, first of all, started from angiospermous plants.
  • Mycelium is the vegetative part of fungus made up of thread-like structures called hyphae.
So, statement numbers 1, 2 and 3 are incorrect.
  • The wood of gymnosperm is durable, and it is also resistant to attack by termites. So, it has a very high economic value.
Thus option D is the correct answer.

Multiple choice biology tissues, organs, organ system, organism tissues of animals animal tissues and its type tissues: animal tissues fluid connective tissue

Dermal tissue is derived from

  1. Periblem

  2. Dermatogen

  3. Procambium

  4. Pleurome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Dermatogen is also known as protoderm which further divides to form the three dermal layer which is epidermis, endodermis and hypodermis. These form the protective layer of the plant. Epidermis is the outer layer which mainly bears small opening known as stomata.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Duplicate of holotype from same collection of same locality, date and same branch of plant is called

  1. Syntype

  2. Paratype

  3. Neotype

  4. Isotype
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Isotype (in plant taxonomy) A plant specimen that is a duplicate of or very similar to the type specimen and can be used as a reference specimen if the type specimen is lost. In simple language, the isotype is the duplicate of the holotype.
So the correct option is 'Isotype'.
Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Find out the correct sequence of various stages in a herbarium preparation:
$(i)$ Drying. $(ii)$ Poisoning. $(iii)$ Collection. $(iv)$ Labelling. $(v)$ Mounting. $(vi)$ Deposition. $(vii)$ Stitching.

  1. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (v)\, \rightarrow
    \, (vii)\, \rightarrow \, (iv)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)$
  2. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (v)\, \rightarrow
    \, (vii)\, \rightarrow \, (iv)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)$
  3. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (v)\, \rightarrow
    \, (vii)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)\, \rightarrow \, (iv)$
  4. $(iii)\, \rightarrow \, (i)\, \rightarrow \, (ii)\, \rightarrow \, (vii)\, \rightarrow
    \, (v)\, \rightarrow \, (vi)\, \rightarrow \, (v)$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The correct sequence for herbarium preparation is: Collection, Drying, Poisoning, Mounting, Stitching, Labelling, and Deposition.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Herbarium is used to

  1. Map distribution of plants

  2. Study plant taxonomy

  3. Study molecular taxonomy

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Herbarium is used to know the geographical distributions of  the plants,where are they found etc.
they have also been useful in studying plant taxonomy as information related classification is given.
and also useful as sources of plant DNA for use in molecular systematics.
So, the correct answer is 'All of the above'.
Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Which of the following is preserved in their three-dimensional structure?

  1. Mosses

  2. Lichens

  3. Conifer cones

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Herbarium is a store house of collected plant specimens that are dried, pressed and preserved on sheets. Mosses, Lichens and Conifer cones are preserved in the form of herbarium sheets, in their two-dimensional structure.

So, the correct option is 'None of the above'.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

We can get data for floristic study from

  1. Genomic library

  2. Gene bank

  3. Museum

  4. Herbarium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The floristic study is the study related to the distribution of plants. A herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It gives the permanent record of plant specimen. The specimens are stored with a data label. The label describes useful information including the plants' scientific name, the origin of the collection, the date and time of collection and the name of the collector. Herbariums are essential for the study of plant taxonomy, the study of geographic distributions and the stabilizing of nomenclature. Herbaria may also be a repository of viable seeds for rare species.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

The repository of plant taxonomy and systematics is

  1. Red data book

  2. Herbarium

  3. Botanical garden

  4. Genomic library
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A herbarium is a collection of preserved plant specimens. It gives the permanent record of plant specimen. These specimens may be whole plants or plant parts. These are in a dried form mounted on a sheet. The specimens are stored with a data label. Herbariums are essential for the study of plant taxonomy, the study of geographic distributions and the stabilizing of nomenclature. Herbaria may also be a repository of viable seeds for rare species and new taxonomy

Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Lectotype is 

  1. Duplicate of holotype.

  2. Specimen described along with holotype.

  3. Specimen cited by author without making one hlotype.

  4. Specimen cited by author from original material for nomenclature type when there is no holotype.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Lectotype refers to the new specimen selected among the original material collected to serve as holotype when the author didn't designate a holotype. It means the type which is declared later from the original material if the type specimen is not described, missing or damaged.

So, the correct option is 'Specimen cited by the author from original material for nomenclature type when there is no holotype'.

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Isotype is a specimen 

  1. Duplicate of holotype

  2. Described along with holotype

  3. Nomenclature type when the original is missing

  4. Cited by author when there is no holotype
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • A holotype is an original specimen used in herbarium sheet.
  • An Isotype is referred to as the duplicate specimen of the holotype.
  • A paratype is a specimen described along with holotype.
  • A lectotype is cited by the author when there is no holotype.
So, the correct option is 'Duplicate of holotype'.
Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Which of the following serves as a quick referral systems in taxonomical studies?

  1. Museum

  2. Zoological park

  3. Herbarium

  4. Botanical garden
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The herbarium is a quick referral system in taxonomic studies. It is a collection of preserved plant specimens and associated data used for scientific study. So, the correct answer is (C).

Multiple choice botany indian botanical gardens and herbarium importance of herbarium taxonomic aids taxonomy and systematic botany botanical gardens in india

Which name is invalid?

  1. Name not published in Species Plantarum.

  2. Name proposed prior to 1961.

  3. Name which is not in Latin.

  4. Name for which holotype is not designated.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Linnaeus described all plant species known to him in his book “Species Plantarum, 1753” in which he used the system of binomial nomenclature for first time. This makes option A incorrect as not all the plant species were described in this book. The scientific names of species are treated as in Latin regardless of their origin; this makes option C incorrect. According to principle of Priority, names published on or after May 1753 (the date of publication of The Species Plantarum) are considered valid; option B is incorrect. According to principle of typification, holotype is a specimen or illustration which is designated as representative of a species and is used for identification of new specimen. It is mandatory to mention the holotype during publication of new species on or after 1 January 1958; option D is correct. Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs roots and leaves plant adaptation and modification leaves leaf modification root, stem, and leaves

An example of a parasitic plant that is also strictly epiphytic is

  1. cuscuta(dodder)

  2. Viscum(mistletoe)

  3. Rafflesia

  4. Orobanche
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Cuscuta is a large and widely distributed genus of twining leafless parasitic herbs.
  • Viscum is a common example of partial stem parasites, which grow as parasitic epiphytes on host plants. But it can carry out photosynthesis and manufacture their own food.
  • Rafflesia is a parasitic plant that lacks chlorophyll and contains a single very large flower.
  • Orobanche is the genus of more than 200 species of the parasitic nature plants.

So, option B is correct.

Multiple choice zoology asexual reproduction sporulation reproduction in bacteria asexual reproduction in organisms

Sporangium possess spores in

  1. Ferns

  2. Moss

  3. Spirogyra

  4. Fungus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fungi reproduces asexually by means of sporangia. Sporangiospores are spores that are produced in a sporangium (plural: sporangia). A sporangium in fungi (but not mosses and some other organisms) is simply a cell containing spores. 

So, the correct answer is 'Fungus'