Plant Biology and Classification

John Hutchinson was the author of a classification called as 'families of flowering plants'. It appeared in two volumes.

Rounded pots of blue-green algae (such as Nostoc) are seen in the ventral side of the thallus. These are called as slime pores. 

Agar or agar-agar is a jelly-like substance that is obtained from red algae.

Indusium is a thin membrane covering the sorus of a fern. It often shrivels away when spores are ready to be dispersed.

Phanerogams are flowering or seed-bearing plants. They are the most advanced plants. They possess well-developed roots, stems, leaves and flowers.

A lithosere is a plant succession that begins life on a newly exposed rock surface. Lichen is the primary vegetation to grow there.

Rhizopus is not an autotroph. It is included in the kingdom of fungi which have saprophytic mode of nutrition.

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Tracheophytes are plants with a vascular system. They include angiosperms and gymnosperms such as ferns and seed plants.

The lower cells of the archegonium divide and produce a protective structure, called calyptra. It sheathes the growing embryo.

Ciliated sperms indicate that cilia are present for locomotion inside the water. This confirms the aquatic ancestry of bryophytes.

It is found in the wetlands. Hence, it is called as an amphibian plant.

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