Chemistry · Biology

Pharmacology and Therapeutics

1,643 Questions

Engage with critical pharmacology and therapeutics questions covering drug classifications and therapeutic mechanisms. Topics include chemical absorption, medication formulations, and pharmacogenomics. This collection is useful for students preparing for medical entrance, nursing, and science competitive examinations.

Chemical absorption routesDrug formulation typesMedication mechanismsEnzyme inhibitorsPharmacogenomic tests

Pharmacology and Therapeutics Questions

Multiple choice chemistry rocks and minerals coal and its products study of coal coal

Which of the following is the only coal-tar derived analgesic, still in use today?

  1. Acetaldehyde

  2. Paracetamol

  3. Penicillin

  4. Formaldehyde
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Various phenolic coal tar derivatives have analgesic (pain-killer) properties. These include acetanilide, phenacetin, and paracetamol (acetaminophen). Paracetamol is the only coal-tar derived analgesic still in use today, but industrial phenol is now usually synthesized from crude oil rather than coal tar.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

THC (tetra hydro cannabinol) is the active ingredient of all the following, except.

  1. Hashish

  2. Ganja

  3. Mescaline

  4. Marijuana
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
  • Hashish, ganja, and marijuana all three of this psychoactive drug obtained from the same plant ie Hemp ( Cannabis sativa).
  • Marijuana is the dried flower and the leaves of the female plant of cannabis. 
Hashish is also obtained from the cannabis plant but it is a more concentrated version of it. The Cannabis flower and leaves that fall off the plant are made into a ball and pressed with a knife and dried and then can be consumed orally or smoked.
  • Ganja is simply the leaves of the cannabis plants that are smoked.
All of the above three drugs have tetra hydro cannabinol as their active ingredients.
  • Mescaline is a hallucinogenic drug obtained from the plants of peyote cactus ( Lophophora Williams) with 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine as the active ingredient.

Therefore the correct answer is option C
Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Which of the following combination of drugs has a dramatic rapid increase in sedative effect?

  1. Alcohol $+$ Antihistamines
  2. Alcohol $+$ Benzodiazepines
  3. Alcohol $+$ Aspirin
  4. Amphetamine $+$ Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Mixing drugs can have numerous detrimental effects. A common method of drug abuse involves mixing benzodiazepines with alcohol. They are abused together because both sedatives like benzodiazepines and alcohol are central nervous system depressants, using them together can cause excessive sedation.
So, the correct option is 'Alcohol + Benzodiazepines'.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

In an epileptic patient,doctor administer a $GABA$ facilitatory  drug. After considerable time fits are absent in the patient.What would be the probable mechanism of that drug 

  1. It cause blocking of neurotransmitter at synaps and forms a complex

  2. It desensitize post synaptic membrane for neurotransmitter
  3. It inhibits $Na^+-K^+AT$ pase pump

  4. It cause hyperpolarisation of post synaptic membrane and generate IPSP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A GABA receptor agonist is a drug that is an agonist for one or more of the GABA receptors, producing typically sedative effects, and may also cause other effects such as anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant effects. 
So the correct option is 'It causes blocking of neurotransmitter at synapses and forms a complex'.
Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Drug that increases cardiovascular effects is?

  1. Nicotine $+$ Cocaine
  2. Benzodiazepine $+$ Barbitunate
  3. Barbiturates $+$ Novacaine
  4. Insulin $+$ amphetamine
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Nicotine and cocaine are both stimulants that increase heart rate and blood pressure, leading to synergistic cardiovascular effects. Other combinations listed involve depressants or mixtures that do not specifically target cardiovascular enhancement as their primary interaction.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

Diacetylmorphine hydrochloride is 

  1. Heroin

  2. Brown sugar

  3. Methadone

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Diamorphine hydrochloride binds to opioid receptors in the central nervous system. It is a type of analgesic agent and a type of opiate. Also called diacetylmorphine hydrochloride and heroin. diacetylmorphine hydrochloride is also known as brown sugar.
So the correct option is B.

Multiple choice biology cell biology and biotechnology drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Scopolamine or "truth drug" of world war II was obtained from

  1. Rauvolfia serpentina

  2. Atropa belladonna

  3. Digitalis purpurea

  4. Papaver somniferum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Scopolamine is an anticholinergic medicine. Scopolamine has many effects in the body including decreasing the secretion of fluids, slowing the stomach and intestines, and dilation of the pupils. Scopolamine is used to relieve nausea, vomiting, and dizziness associated with motion sickness and recovery from anesthesia and surgery. Scopolamine may also be used in the treatment of parkinsonism, spastic muscle states, irritable bowel syndrome, diverticulitis and other conditions. Scopolamine is also called as hyoscine. It is alkaloid drug obtained from a number of plants of the family Solenaceae, including nightshade (Atropa belladona), henbane and jimsonweed. 

Scopolamine is an effective remedy for motion sickness, probably because of its ability to depress the central nervous system. It is also known as a truth drug. Thus, option B is correct. 

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

The drug useful to increase cardiovascular effects in human beings is

  1. Cocaine

  2. Barbiturate

  3. Benzodiazepine

  4. Insulin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cocaine is a powerful CNS( central nervous system) stimulant, which induces a sense of well-being and pleasure and delays fatigue. It causes lack of sleep, loss of appetite, headache, convulsions, insomnia, respiratory or cardiac failure and may lead to mental disorder.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

Opium, morphine, heroin, pethidine and methadone are collectively called 

  1. Tranquillizers

  2. Stimulants

  3. Hallucinogens

  4. Opiate narcotics
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Opiates are powerful painkillers and are made of opium, a white liquid in the poppy plant. Opiates produce a quick, intense feeling of pleasure followed by a sense of well-being and calm.
These include heroin, morphine, codeine, methadone, oxycontin etc.
Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

Which of the following, stimulates the heart?

  1. Mescaline

  2. Epinephrine

  3. LSD

  4. Hashish
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Mescalin, LSD and hashish are hallucinogens and they affect the regions of the brain that are responsible for coordination, thought processes, hearing and sight.
Epinephrine is a hormone and a neurotransmitter. It binds to beta-adrenergic receptors on heart muscle cells. This causes the contraction rate of the heart to increase.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice evs - i community health and hygiene drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence important stages in agricultural development disorders of nervous system

Which of the following is an opiate narcotic?

  1. Barbiturates

  2. Morphine

  3. Amphetamines

  4. LSD
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Opiates e.g., morphine, heroin, pethidine (meperidine), codeine and methadone have narcotic, analgesic, sedative and anti-stringent (that cause contraction of body parts) effects.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Every time when the dosage of drug has to be increased to achieve the same kick, that initially occurred in response to a smaller dose, the condition is known as

  1. Addiction

  2. Tolerance

  3. Withdrawal symptom

  4. Rebound effect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Tolerance is the condition in which the body gets used to drugs due to drug addiction and the person's reaction to drugs get reduced. To get the same effect, body needs more dosage of drugs. This happens every time dosage is increased because after taking drugs regularly, at some point of time body gets used to the dosage and produce no reactions. There is uncontrolled craving for taking increased dosage of drugs when the person doesn't get desired effects with the present dose. 
So, the correct answer is 'Tolerance'.
Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

The secondary metabolite obtained from Catharanthus roseus is

  1. Vincristine

  2. Anthocyanin

  3. Menthol

  4. Nicotine.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Catharanthus roseus, also known as the Madagascar periwinkle, is the well-known source of the anti-cancer alkaloids vincristine and vinblastine. These are secondary metabolites extracted from the plant.

Multiple choice biology human health and disease drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption addiction and dependence community health and hygiene

Antihistamines interact with alcohol and cause marked drowsiness.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Antihistamines interact with alcohol and cause marked drowsiness. It’s best to avoid mixing alcohol and antihistamines, as they both depress the central nervous system, thereby impairing the ability to coordinate physical motor movements and remain awake and conscious. 
So, the correct option is 'True'