Parts of Speech

Judge can be both a noun (a person who decides cases) and a verb (to form an opinion). The question expects the noun form - a judge is a person/role. Nouns name people and their positions. Verbs would show the action of judging.

Jump is primarily an action word (verb) describing the act of propelling oneself into the air. While it can function as a noun in contexts like 'a high jump,' its most fundamental and common use is as a verb indicating physical motion.

Junction is a noun referring to a point where two or more things meet or connect, such as roads, railway lines, or electrical circuits. It names a place or thing rather than describing an action or quality.

Junior functions as an adjective when describing someone younger or less experienced (like 'junior employee'). While it can appear before a name as a title, it fundamentally modifies the noun by indicating relative age, rank, or experience level.

Juncture is a noun referring to a particular point or critical moment in time, or a place where things join. It represents a specific point or circumstance, making it clearly a naming word rather than an action or description.

Just can function as an adverb (modifying verbs like 'just arrived') or an adjective (meaning fair or righteous). When used to mean 'very recently' or 'barely,' it is most commonly an adverb. Option C is reasonable, though context matters.

Junk is a noun referring to discarded material, old articles, or useless things. It names a category of objects rather than describing an action, quality, or relationship, making noun the correct classification.

Jut is primarily a verb meaning to extend or protrude beyond a surface or boundary (like 'rocks that jut out'). While it can appear as part of phrasal verbs or in other constructions, its core use describes the action of sticking out or projecting.

Justice is a noun referring to the quality of being fair and reasonable, or the administration of law. It names an abstract concept or principle rather than describing an action, making noun the correct classification.

Juvenile is an adjective meaning relating to young people or showing characteristics of youth (like 'juvenile behavior'). It modifies nouns by indicating age-related qualities rather than naming something directly.

Jaw is a noun referring to the lower part of the face that covers the teeth and helps in eating and speaking. It names a specific body part rather than describing an action or quality, making noun the clear correct choice.

Jig is primarily a noun referring to a lively dance or a device/tool used to guide cutting. While it can function as a verb meaning to dance a jig, its most common meaning names something (a dance or tool). Option B is correct.

Juxtapose is a verb meaning to place different things together for a contrasting effect. It describes an action of positioning elements side by side for comparison, making verb the correct classification.

Obese describes a physical condition of being significantly overweight. It functions as an adjective because it modifies nouns (e.g., 'obese person,' 'obese patients'). Adjectives describe qualities or states, and 'obese' characterizes a person's body type, not an action or thing.

Abjure is a verb meaning to solemnly renounce, reject, or give up a belief, opinion, or former practice. It describes an action taken by someone, such as abjuring heresy or abjuring allegiance. Verbs express actions or states, and 'abjure' fits this category perfectly.