Biology · General Awareness

Health and Neurological Disorders

1,613 Questions

Health and neurological disorders focus on medical conditions affecting the brain, nerves, and overall well being. This category includes questions on neurodegenerative diseases, language disorders, and physical disabilities. It is highly relevant for exams featuring biology and general science.

Neurodegenerative diseasesLanguage disordersLearning disabilitiesGeriatric conditionsPsychotic disorders

Health and Neurological Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

After complete medical checkup, a doctor told a couple that their daughter is suffering from a severe viral disease in which the oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system are damaged. Which of the following diseases is the doctor referring to?

  1. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)

  2. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

  3. Progressive rubella panencephalitis (PRP)

  4. Scrapie

  5. Kuru
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

This is a rare, progressive, fatal, demyelinating disease of the CNS that kills oligodendrocytes. It results in memory loss, loss of co-ordination, mentation problems, vision problems, etc. The disease is caused by certain members of the polyomavirus family, usually JC virus.

Multiple choice

'Inability to sleep' is known as _______.

  1. dyspnoea

  2. insomnia

  3. trachoma

  4. dysuria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Insomnia is the medical term for inability to sleep or sleeplessness. Dyspnoea refers to difficult breathing, trachoma is an eye infection, and dysuria means painful urination. The term comes from Latin 'in-' (not) and 'somnus' (sleep).

Multiple choice

Most common type of seizures in neonates are

  1. clonic

  2. tonic

  3. subtle

  4. myoclonic
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Subtle seizures are the most common type in neonates, often presenting as apnea, eye deviation, or oral-buccal-lingual movements that are easily missed. Clonic and tonic seizures do occur but are less frequent. Myoclonic jerks are more specific for metabolic or genetic disorders.

Multiple choice

The most common difficulty associated with patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders in construction of a complete denture includes ___________.

  1. recording jaw relations

  2. in impression taking

  3. only 1 and 2

  4. in arrangement of posterior teeth

  5. in border moulding
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The most common difficulty associated with patients suffering from neuromuscular disorders in construction of a complete denture is recording jaw relations.

Multiple choice

After a complete medical checkup, doctor told Himani that her brother is suffering from a severe viral disease in which the oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system are damaged. Which among the following diseases is the doctor referring to?

  1. Kuru

  2. Scrapie

  3. Progressive rubella panencephalitis (PRP)

  4. Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

  5. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

This is a rare, progressive, fatal, demyelinating disease of the CNS that kills oligodendrocytes. It results in memory loss, loss of co-ordination, mentation problems, vision problems, etc. The disease is caused by certain members of the polyomavirus family, usually JC virus.

Multiple choice

Paralysis of one side of the body is called

  1. Hemiplegia

  2. Paraplegia

  3. Monoplegia

  4. Quadriplegia

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hemiplegia refers specifically to paralysis affecting one side of the body. Paraplegia affects the lower half, monoplegia affects one limb, and quadriplegia affects all four limbs.

Multiple choice

______ is called absence of speech.

  1. Aphasia

  2. Anorexia

  3. Polyphagia

  4. Dystonia

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Aphasia is the medical term for a language disorder that results in the loss of the ability to speak or understand speech. Anorexia refers to loss of appetite, polyphagia to excessive hunger, and dystonia to muscle contractions.

Multiple choice

Alzheimer is a

  1. metabolic disease

  2. neurological disease

  3. disease of bone

  4. haematological disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Alzheimer disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects the brain, leading to memory loss and cognitive decline. It is classified as a neurological disease rather than a metabolic, bone, or blood disorder.

Multiple choice

Malfunctioning is

  1. impairment

  2. disease

  3. both 1 and 2

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Malfunctioning of body systems can be described as an impairment or a disease state.

Multiple choice

Define degenartive disease:

  1. General wearing out

  2. Degeneration of tissues as in old age

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Degenerative diseases involve the progressive loss of structure or function of organs or tissues, which is commonly associated with aging or chronic wear and tear.

Multiple choice

EEG can help in diagnosing

  1. epilepsy

  2. encephalitis

  3. tumors

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

EEG (electroencephalography) records electrical activity of the brain and is used to diagnose various conditions, including epilepsy, brain tumors, and encephalitis.