Biology · General Awareness

Health and Neurological Disorders

1,551 Questions

Health and neurological disorders focus on medical conditions affecting the brain, nerves, and overall well being. This category includes questions on neurodegenerative diseases, language disorders, and physical disabilities. It is highly relevant for exams featuring biology and general science.

Neurodegenerative diseasesLanguage disordersLearning disabilitiesGeriatric conditionsPsychotic disorders

Health and Neurological Disorders Questions

Multiple choice

Agnosia may sometimes be helped by

  1. waiting long enough to think through an answer

  2. cues of touch

  3. deep sleep therapy

  4. speech therapy

  5. visual cues
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Agnosia is characterised by the inability to recognise and interpret objects in the visual field. Treatment is generally symptomatic and supportive based on cues of touch.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the correct answer for the following question on the basis of the given passage:

According to the passage, neuron behaviorists initially based their belief that protein synthesis was related to learning on which of the following?

RC Passage 6:
Few areas of neuron behavioral research seemed more promising is the early sixties than that investigating the relationship between protein synthesis and learning. The conceptual framework for the research was derived directly from molecular biology, which had shown that genetic information is stored in nucleic acids and expressed in proteins why not acquired information as well.
The first step towards establishing a connection between protein synthesis and learning seemed to be to block memory (cause adhesion) by interrupting the production of proteins. We were fortunate in finding a non lethal dosage of puromycin that could, it first appealed, thoroughly inhibit brain protein synthesis as well as reliability produce amnesia. Before the actual connection between protein synthesis and learning could be established however we began to have douche about whether inhibition of protein synthesis was in fact the method by which puromycin produced amnesia. First, ocher drugs, glutavimides themselves potent protein synthesis inhibitors either failed to cause amnesia in some situations where it could easily be induced by puromycin or produced an amnesia with a different time course from that of puromycin. Second, puromycin was found to inhabit protein  synthesis by breaking certain amino acid chain, and the resulting fragments were suspected of being the actual cause of amnesia is some eases. Third, puromycin was reported to cause abnormalities in the train, including seizures. Thus, not only were decreased protein synthesis and amnesia dissociated, but alternative mechanism for the amnestic action of puromycin were readily suggested.

So, puromycin turned out to be a disappointment. It came to be regarded as a poor agent for amnesia studies, although, of course, it was poor only in the context of our original paradigm of protein synthesis inhibition. In our frustration, our initial response was simply to change dregs rather than our conceptual orientation. After many such disappointments, however, it now appears unlikely, that we will make a firm connection between protein synthesis and learning merely by pursuing the approaches of the past our experience with drugs has shown that all the amnestic agents, often interfere with memory in ways that seem unrelated to their inhibition of protein synthesis. More importantly, the notion that the interruption or intensification of protein production in the train can be related in cause and affect fashion to learning now seems simplistic and unproductive. Remove the battery from a car and the car will not go Drive the car a long distance at high speed and the battery will become more highly charged. Neither of these facts proves that the battery power the car, only knowledge of the overall automotive system will reveal its mechanism of locomotion and the role of the battery with in the system.

  1. Specific research into learning on which of the following.

  2. Traditional theories about learning.

  3. Historic experiments on the effects puromycin.

  4. Previous discoveries in molecular biology.

  5. New technique in protein synthesis.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

 The conceptual framework for the research was derived directly from molecular biology, which had shown that genetic information is stored in nucleic acids and expressed in proteins why not acquired information as well.

Multiple choice

What is ALZHEIMER disease?

  1. It is a disorder of the brain

  2. It affects liver

  3. It affects kidney

  4. It affects human immune system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that primarily affects the brain, causing memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits in brain tissue, leading to the death of brain cells.

Multiple choice

'Amnesia' refers to

  1. loss of appetite

  2. loss of memory

  3. loss of sight

  4. loss of sense of touch
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Amnesia is the medical term for loss of memory, which can be temporary or permanent. It may result from brain injury, psychological trauma, or medical conditions. It specifically affects memory, not appetite, sight, or other senses.

Multiple choice

Alzheimer's disease primarily affects the

  1. heart

  2. liver

  3. kidney

  4. brain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Alzheimer's is a neurodegenerative disorder that primarily targets brain cells, causing memory loss and cognitive decline. The heart, liver, and kidney are not the primary organs affected - this disease specifically impacts brain tissue and neural networks.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system?

  1. Behçet's disease

  2. IgA nephropathy

  3. Bickerstaff's encephalitis

  4. Blau syndrome

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Bickerstaff's encephalitis is a rare inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, first described by Edwin Bickerstaff. It may also affect the peripheral nervous system, and has features in common with both Miller Fisher syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is a neurological disorder?

  1. Opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome

  2. Palindromic rheumatism

  3. Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration

  4. Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Opsoclonus Myoclonus Syndrome (OMS) is a rare neurological disorder of unknown causes which appears to be the result of an autoimmune process involving the nervous system. It is an extremely rare condition, affecting as few as 1 in 10,000,000 people per year. It affects 2 to 3% of children with neuroblastoma.

Multiple choice

The mylein sheath gets damaged in

  1. Morphea

  2. Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta

  3. Multiple sclerosis

  4. Myasthenia gravis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease in which the fatty myelin sheaths around the axons of the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to demyelination and scarring as well as a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms.

Multiple choice

Which of the following hormones is also known as a happiness hormone?

  1. Serine Peptidase

  2. Histamine

  3. Serotonin

  4. Heparin
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Serotonin is a monoamine neurotransmitter. Biochemically derived from tryptophan, serotonin is primarily found in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, platelets, and in the central nervous system (CNS) of animals including humans. It is a well-known contributor to feelings of well-being; therefore it is also known as a happiness hormone despite not being a hormone.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose a suitable option to fill in the blank:

Huntington's disease is an acute neurological disease, usually___________ in the middle age.

  1. is beginning

  2. beginning

  3. which begins

  4. has begun
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The correct form is the present participle 'beginning' following the verb 'is' in a reduced relative clause structure. Huntington's disease typically begins showing symptoms in middle age. The full structure would be 'which is beginning' but the relative pronoun and auxiliary are omitted.

Multiple choice

Which of the following disorders is characterized by an urge to move the body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations?

  1. Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome

  2. Retroperitoneal fibrosis

  3. Rheumatoid arthritis

  4. Besnier-Boeck disease
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Wittmaack-Ekbom syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations. It most commonly affects the legs, but can affect the arms, torso, and even phantom limbs. Moving the affected body part modulates the sensations, providing temporary relief.