Biology · General Awareness

Health and Neurological Disorders

1,551 Questions

Health and neurological disorders focus on medical conditions affecting the brain, nerves, and overall well being. This category includes questions on neurodegenerative diseases, language disorders, and physical disabilities. It is highly relevant for exams featuring biology and general science.

Neurodegenerative diseasesLanguage disordersLearning disabilitiesGeriatric conditionsPsychotic disorders

Health and Neurological Disorders Questions

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Alcoholic addicts suffer from loss of memory. The phenomenon is called

  1. Amnesia

  2. Neuritis

  3. Dementia

  4. Insomnia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Amnesia is the loss of memory due to brain damage. Temporarily it can be caused by use of hypnotic and sedative drugs which are sleep inducing drugs. Amnesia occurs when medial temporal lobe of brain is damaged. There may be partial or total loss of memory. The affected person loses the ability to learn anything but doesn't forget his own identity. He is unable to recall anything from past experiences.
So, the correct answer is 'Amnesia'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Korsakoff's syndrome is related to

  1. Alcohol abuse

  2. Drug abuse

  3. Smoking abuse

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Korsakoff's syndrome is caused by lack of thiamine (vitamin B$ _{1}$), which affects the brain and nervous system. People who drink excessive amounts of alcohol are often thiamine deficient. This is because many heavy drinkers have poor eating habits and their diet does not contain essential vitamins and alcohol can interfere with the conversion of thiamine into the active form of the vitamin (thiamine pyrophosphate). Alcohol can inflame the stomach lining, cause frequent vomiting and make it difficult for the body to absorb the key vitamins it receives. Alcohol also makes it harder for the liver to store vitamins. Although Korsakoff's syndrome is not strictly speaking a dementia, people with this condition can experience loss of short-term memory. 

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Syndrome found in alcohol addicts which is characterised by loss of recent and past memory without affecting normal intelligence is

  1. Wernicke's syndrome

  2. Korsakoff's syndrome

  3. Laenec's syndrome

  4. Foetak alcohol syndrome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Korsakoff's syndrome is a chronic disorder of memory that occurs due of deficiency vitamin B6 or thiamine. Deficiency of thiamine occurs due to alcoholism. This disorder doesn't affect normal intelligence, instead the memory of recent and past few minutes is affected. The person fails to remember the events that happened in the last few minutes. The person can also forget everything that happened after the onset of this disorder.
So, the correct answer is 'Korsakoff's syndrome'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Korsakoff's syndrome is related to

  1. Alcohol abuse

  2. Drug abuse

  3. Smoking abuse

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Korsakoff's syndrome is a disorder related to memory and occurs due to deficiency of vitamin B6 or thiamine. Deficiency of thiamine occurs due to alcohol. People affected with this disorder have problems in learning. They don't remember the past experiences even of last few minutes. They even fail to recall with whom they had a conservation few minutes back. Long term memory gaps are seen in such persons.
So, the correct answer is 'Alcohol abuse'.
Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

Alcoholics suffer from double vision and reduced muscular coordination. The defect is called

  1. Korsakoff's syndrome

  2. Wernicke's syndrome

  3. Bernheim's syndrome

  4. Asperger's syndrome
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Double vision and reduced muscular coordination are symptoms of Wernicke's syndrome which occurs due to consuming alcohol. It is a disorder of brain which occurs due to deficiency of vitamin B6 or thiamine which in turn is caused by alcohol. There are uncontrolled eye movements in this disorder. The person shows a confused mental state resulting in violent behaviour. 
So, the correct answer is 'Wernicke's syndrome'.
Multiple choice

Which is the leading cause of mental disability globally?

  1. Schizophrenia

  2. Depression

  3. Bipolar disorder

  4. Disorder
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to the World Health Organization, depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide. It is a major contributor to the overall global burden of disease.

Multiple choice biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

EEG can help in diagnosing certain conditions like

  1. Epilepsy

  2. Encephalitis

  3. Dementia

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that measures and records the electrical activity of your brain by using sensors (electrodes). EEG is most often used to diagnose epilepsy, which causes abnormalities in EEG readings. It is also used to diagnose sleep disorders, coma, encephalopathies, and brain death. EEG used to be a first line method of diagnosis for tumors, stroke and other focal brain disorders.

Multiple choice

What is a concussion?

  1. A temporary loss of consciousness caused by a head injury

  2. A bruise on the brain

  3. A bleeding in the brain

  4. A skull fracture
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A concussion is a temporary loss of consciousness caused by a head injury. It can also cause other symptoms, such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and confusion.

Multiple choice

What is the term for hearing loss that occurs gradually over time?

  1. Sudden hearing loss

  2. Age-related hearing loss

  3. Conductive hearing loss

  4. Sensorineural hearing loss
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Age-related hearing loss, also known as presbycusis, is a gradual loss of hearing that occurs with age. It is caused by changes in the inner ear and auditory nerve, and is the most common type of hearing loss.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a type of sensorineural hearing loss?

  1. Age-related hearing loss

  2. Noise-induced hearing loss

  3. Ménière's disease

  4. Autoimmune disorders
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
Correct answer
Explanation

Age-related hearing loss, noise-induced hearing loss, Ménière's disease, and autoimmune disorders are all types of sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve, and is a permanent loss of hearing.

Multiple choice

What is the term for a condition in which a person has difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments?

  1. Hidden hearing loss

  2. Diplacusis

  3. Recruitment

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Hidden hearing loss is a condition in which a person has difficulty understanding speech in noisy environments, even though their hearing test results are normal. This is because hidden hearing loss affects the way the brain processes sound, rather than the ear itself.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is a common cause of balance disorders?

  1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV)

  2. Meniere's disease

  3. Vestibular neuritis

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), Meniere's disease, and vestibular neuritis are all common causes of balance disorders.

Multiple choice

How is a balance disorder diagnosed?

  1. Physical examination

  2. Balance testing

  3. Hearing test

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

A balance disorder is diagnosed based on a physical examination, balance testing, and a hearing test.