Biology

Nervous System Physiology

1,959 Questions

Enhance your knowledge of human neurobiology through questions on nervous system physiology. The topics cover brain anatomy, sensory modalities, and the neural mechanisms controlling speech and language. This resource is ideal for students preparing for medical and general science exams.

Brain anatomy and regionsNeural mechanismsLanguage processingSensory functions

Nervous System Physiology Questions

Multiple choice evs super senses sleeping time animal senses sense organs in animals

Unihemispheric sleep is the sleeping patterns in which 

  1. Animal sleeps for five hours

  2. Sleep with just one-half of their brain, while the other half remains alert for predators.

  3. Animals hibernate

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Unihemispheric sleep, also known as asymmetric slow-wave sleep, one half of the brain is in deep sleep, a form of non-rapid eye movement sleep and the eye corresponding to this half is closed while the other eye remains open. It keeps the organism alert for predators.

So, the correct option is 'Sleep with just one-half of their brain, while the other half remains alert for predators'.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which part of the brain regulates the body temperature, hunger and water balance?

  1. Hypothalamus

  2. Infundibulum

  3. Medulla oblongata

  4. Pons veroli
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is a mass of grey matter present at the base of the cerebrum. The centre for thirst and drinking regulation is present in lateral hypothalamus while that for hunger and satiety is present in the arcuate nucleus, ventral nucleus and lateral hypothalamic area. The anterior hypothalamic region regulates body temperature.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology control and coordination in living organisms control of blood glucose endocrine system and hormone hormones in human reproduction testes and ovary parts of the brain kidney

Which part of brain is supposed to be damaged if in an accident, a person lose control of water balance, hunger and body temperature?

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Medula oblongata

  4. Corpora quadrigemina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is the control centre for many autonomic functions of the peripheral nervous system. Connections with structures of the endocrine and nervous systems enable the hypothalamus to play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis. The hormones produced by this area of the brain govern body temperature, thirst, hunger, sleep, circadian rhythm, moods, sex drive, and the release of other hormones in the body. Hence, if hypothalamus is damaged in an accident, control of water balance, hunger and body temperature will be lost. 

Multiple choice zoology nervous system of man control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

The human hind brain comprises of three parts, which one of these belongs to hind brain?

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Spinal cord

  4. Corpus callosum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The hindbrain is the lowermost or rearmost region of the brain that bridges the brain with the spinal cord and includes the medulla oblongata, pons and cerebellum. It is also called the rhombencephalon.  

So, the correct answer is 'Cerebellum'

Multiple choice zoology nervous system of man control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Arbor vitae is present in 

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Cerebrum

  3. Diencephalon

  4. Optocoel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Arbor vitae which is the largest white matter present in the center of the cerebellum. It is so called for its branched, tree-like appearance. It is important in the coordination of the arms, legs and any actions requiring hand-eye coordination. Hence, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system of man control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Arobor vitae is a part of

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Cerebellum

  3. Midbrain

  4. Forebrain
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The arbor vitae is the cerebellar white matter, so called for its branched, tree-like appearance. It resembles a fern and is present in both cerebellar hemispheres. It brings sensory and motor information to and from the cerebellum. It is located deep in the cerebellum. So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system of man control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Which of the following is true about cerebrum?

  1. It is poorly developed in humans

  2. It consists of two hemispheres, left and right

  3. It controls the pituitary gland

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cerebrum is the largest part of the brain and well developed in humans. It plans, thinks, judges, and organised speech and information. It consists of two hemispheres, left and right connected by corpus callosum. 

Pituitary gland is controlled by hypothalamus.
So, the correct answer is 'It consists of two hemispheres, left and right'.

Multiple choice zoology life processes in living organism control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Hypothalamus is situated on the

  1. Upper lateral surface of diencephalon

  2. Lower lateral surface of diencephalon

  3. Ventral side of optic lobes

  4. Dorsal side of optic lobes

  5. Ventral part of the diencephalon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is located below the thalamus, just above the brainstem. It forms the ventral part of the diencephalon. 

Multiple choice zoology life processes in living organism control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

In man, the osmotic centres are situated in 

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Pituitary gland

  4. Medulla oblongata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The osmoreceptors are specialised cells in the hypothalamus, which respond to changes in extracellular tonicity. $Na^+$ accounts for 92% of ECF tonicity, these receptors function as monitors of ECF [$Na^+$]. These receptors are called as osmo-sodium receptors. The osmoreceptors effectively respond to the ECF [$Na^+$] and this is also the factor, which effectively controls the distribution of water between intracellular and extracellular fluid.

Multiple choice zoology life processes in living organism control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Hypothalamus does not control

  1. Libido

  2. Osmoregulation

  3. Creative thinking and consciousness

  4. Thermoregulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

One of the major functions of the hypothalamus is to maintain homeostasis, to keep the human body in a stable, constant condition. The hypothalamus responds to a variety of signals from the internal and external environment including body temperature, hunger, feelings of being full up after eating, blood pressure and levels of hormones in the circulation. 

It also responds to stress and controls our daily bodily rhythms, such as the night-time secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland and the changes in cortisol (the stress hormone) and body temperature over a 24-hour period. Creative thinking and consciousness are regulated by mainly the frontal lobe of cerebral cortex.

Multiple choice zoology life processes in living organism control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Broca's area is located in

  1. Ventral part of temporal lobe

  2. Lateral part of frontal lobe

  3. Dorsal part of optic lobe

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Broca's area is a region in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere in the cerebral cortex with functions linked to speech production. Broca's area is located in the lower portion of the left frontal lobe.

Multiple choice zoology life processes in living organism control of blood glucose parts of the brain kidney

Which part of brain controls emotions like love, anger and pleasure?

  1. Medulla oblongata

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Cerebrum

  4. Cerebellum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Emotion involves two parts of the nervous system - the limbic system and the autonomic nervous system. The limbic system is a complex set of structures, that lies on both sides of the thalamus, just under the cerebrum. It includes the hypothalamus, the hippocampus, the amygdala. The hypothalamus feeds information into the amygdala. The hypothalamus acts as a regulator of emotion, controlling levels of sexual desire, pleasure, aggression and anger.