Biology

Nervous System Physiology

1,858 Questions

Enhance your knowledge of human neurobiology through questions on nervous system physiology. The topics cover brain anatomy, sensory modalities, and the neural mechanisms controlling speech and language. This resource is ideal for students preparing for medical and general science exams.

Brain anatomy and regionsNeural mechanismsLanguage processingSensory functions

Nervous System Physiology Questions

Multiple choice biology chemical messages for homeostasis hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Hypothalamus does not control

  1. Hunger and satiety

  2. Thermoregulation

  3. Libido

  4. Creative thinking and consciousness

  5. Osmoregulation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus regulates autonomic and endocrine functions like hunger, temperature, and osmoregulation. Higher cognitive functions like creative thinking and consciousness are primarily associated with the cerebral cortex.

Multiple choice biology chemical messages for homeostasis hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Hypothalamus is not involved in

  1. Osmoregulation and thirst

  2. Temperature control

  3. Accuracy of muscular movement

  4. Sleep wake cycle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus controls autonomic functions like temperature and thirst, but the cerebellum is responsible for the accuracy and coordination of muscular movement.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Thermostat is an instrument by which one can regulate the temperature of an oven, a heater or a refrigerator. Functionally a similar mechanism is located in the mammalian brain in the region of the 

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Cerebellum

  4. Medulla oblongata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hypothalamus maintains the constant human body temperature by regulation of the diameter of blood vessels (constriction or dilation), shivering and sweating mechanisms. Option B is correct. Cerebrum serves to receive sensory inputs, to bring about integration before commanding voluntary motor responses, to coordinate the activities of other part of brain, and to carry out higher thought processes for learning, memory, language and speech.  This makes option A incorrect. Cerebellum serves to coordinate the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles as well as posture, balance and equilibrium. Option C is incorrect. Medulla oblongata consists of reflex centres that control heartbeat, blood vessel diameter and rhythm of breathing as well as other vital functions. Option D is incorrect.  Correct answer is B.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

The thermoregulatory centre in higher animals is found in

  1. Pituitary

  2. Medulla

  3. Thalamus

  4. Hypothalamus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Diencephalon consists of thalamus and hypothalamus. Thalamus serves as relay station for sensory impulses as well as integration centre for recognition of pain, temperature and hard touch. The thermostat centre for temperature control is present in hypothalamus. Hypothalamus maintains the constant human body temperature by regulation of the diameter of blood vessels (constriction or dilation), shivering and sweating mechanisms. 

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Specific part of hypothalamus, responsible for physiological sweat secretion is

  1. Supra-optic nucleus

  2. Para ventriculus nucleus

  3. Pars distalis

  4. Median eminence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is involved in various autonomic functions, including the regulation of physiological responses like sweat secretion.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which centre is stimulated during increase in body temperature

  1. Anterior hypothalamus

  2. Posterior hypothalamus

  3. Limbic system

  4. Red nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The anterior hypothalamus contains the preoptic area, which acts as the body's thermostat and is responsible for initiating heat-loss mechanisms when body temperature rises. The posterior hypothalamus is primarily involved in heat conservation and production.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Coordinator between nervous and endocrine systems is 

  1. Thalamus

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Epithalamus

  4. Colliculus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The coordination and integration in different organs of human body is maintained by nervous system and endocrine system. Nervous system is the system of nerve cells through which information is  carried between organs and organ systems. The organs where these nerve cells do not innervate are regulated by endocrine system which consists of endocrine glands secreting chemical messengers or hormones. Hence, nervous system and endocrine system work in a coordinated manner and this coordination is maintained by hypothalamus. Hypothalamus regulates many body functions and secrete many releasing and inhibiting hormones which stimulates synthesis or inhibition of hormones from pituitary gland. The hormones from pituitary gland then regulate hormones secretion from other endocrine glands.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following statements is false

  1. Hind brain contains medulla, pons and cerebellum

  2. Thalamus is an important sensory relay structure

  3. Cerebral cortex in humans is folded into convolutions

  4. Hypothalamus has an important role in recognising and experiencing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is primarily involved in regulating autonomic functions, hunger, thirst, and body temperature, while the limbic system is the primary center for recognizing and experiencing emotions. Therefore, the statement claiming the hypothalamus has the main role in emotion is false.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Thermoregulatory centre or thermostat in the body of homeothermal animals and man is found in

  1. Skin

  2. Diencephalon

  3. Hypothalamus

  4. Pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus of the diencephalon present in the forebrain is called the thermostat of the body because it is responsible for maintaining the temperature of the body through the mechanism of the homeostasis. 

A. Skin acts as a ventilator for perspiration.
B. Diencephalon is a big region, in which hypothalamus is present.
C. Hypothalamus is the thermostat of the body.
D. The pituitary gland is associated with the hypothalamus to perform chemical coordination via hormones.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

In a drunk person, the part of brain to be affected first is

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Pons varolli

  3. Medulla oblongata

  4. Cerebrum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
When a person gets addicted to alcohol, many serious health problems can occur due to consumption of alcohol. The first part of brain to be affected first is Cerebellum. The will power and self control of the person gets reduced. Control over emotions and moral sense also gets reduced. Loss of muscle coordination also occurs as cerebellum is affected. As a result, speech becomes incoherent. Inflammation of axons also occur which causes neuritis.
So, the correct answer is 'Cerebellum'.