Biology

Nervous System Physiology

1,959 Questions

Enhance your knowledge of human neurobiology through questions on nervous system physiology. The topics cover brain anatomy, sensory modalities, and the neural mechanisms controlling speech and language. This resource is ideal for students preparing for medical and general science exams.

Brain anatomy and regionsNeural mechanismsLanguage processingSensory functions

Nervous System Physiology Questions

Multiple choice biology chemical messages for homeostasis hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Hypothalamus is not involved in

  1. Osmoregulation and thirst

  2. Temperature control

  3. Accuracy of muscular movement

  4. Sleep wake cycle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus controls autonomic functions like temperature and thirst, but the cerebellum is responsible for the accuracy and coordination of muscular movement.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Thermostat is an instrument by which one can regulate the temperature of an oven, a heater or a refrigerator. Functionally a similar mechanism is located in the mammalian brain in the region of the 

  1. Cerebrum

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Cerebellum

  4. Medulla oblongata
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Hypothalamus maintains the constant human body temperature by regulation of the diameter of blood vessels (constriction or dilation), shivering and sweating mechanisms. Option B is correct. Cerebrum serves to receive sensory inputs, to bring about integration before commanding voluntary motor responses, to coordinate the activities of other part of brain, and to carry out higher thought processes for learning, memory, language and speech.  This makes option A incorrect. Cerebellum serves to coordinate the voluntary movements of skeletal muscles as well as posture, balance and equilibrium. Option C is incorrect. Medulla oblongata consists of reflex centres that control heartbeat, blood vessel diameter and rhythm of breathing as well as other vital functions. Option D is incorrect.  Correct answer is B.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

The thermoregulatory centre in higher animals is found in

  1. Pituitary

  2. Medulla

  3. Thalamus

  4. Hypothalamus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Diencephalon consists of thalamus and hypothalamus. Thalamus serves as relay station for sensory impulses as well as integration centre for recognition of pain, temperature and hard touch. The thermostat centre for temperature control is present in hypothalamus. Hypothalamus maintains the constant human body temperature by regulation of the diameter of blood vessels (constriction or dilation), shivering and sweating mechanisms. 

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Specific part of hypothalamus, responsible for physiological sweat secretion is

  1. Supra-optic nucleus

  2. Para ventriculus nucleus

  3. Pars distalis

  4. Median eminence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus is involved in various autonomic functions, including the regulation of physiological responses like sweat secretion.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which centre is stimulated during increase in body temperature

  1. Anterior hypothalamus

  2. Posterior hypothalamus

  3. Limbic system

  4. Red nucleus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The anterior hypothalamus contains the preoptic area, which acts as the body's thermostat and is responsible for initiating heat-loss mechanisms when body temperature rises. The posterior hypothalamus is primarily involved in heat conservation and production.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Coordinator between nervous and endocrine systems is 

  1. Thalamus

  2. Hypothalamus

  3. Epithalamus

  4. Colliculus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
The coordination and integration in different organs of human body is maintained by nervous system and endocrine system. Nervous system is the system of nerve cells through which information is  carried between organs and organ systems. The organs where these nerve cells do not innervate are regulated by endocrine system which consists of endocrine glands secreting chemical messengers or hormones. Hence, nervous system and endocrine system work in a coordinated manner and this coordination is maintained by hypothalamus. Hypothalamus regulates many body functions and secrete many releasing and inhibiting hormones which stimulates synthesis or inhibition of hormones from pituitary gland. The hormones from pituitary gland then regulate hormones secretion from other endocrine glands.
So, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'.
Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Which of the following statements is false

  1. Hind brain contains medulla, pons and cerebellum

  2. Thalamus is an important sensory relay structure

  3. Cerebral cortex in humans is folded into convolutions

  4. Hypothalamus has an important role in recognising and experiencing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus is primarily involved in regulating autonomic functions, hunger, thirst, and body temperature, while the limbic system is the primary center for recognizing and experiencing emotions. Therefore, the statement claiming the hypothalamus has the main role in emotion is false.

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination hypothalamus nervous and endocrine system in humans coordination in human beings- chemical control

Thermoregulatory centre or thermostat in the body of homeothermal animals and man is found in

  1. Skin

  2. Diencephalon

  3. Hypothalamus

  4. Pituitary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The hypothalamus of the diencephalon present in the forebrain is called the thermostat of the body because it is responsible for maintaining the temperature of the body through the mechanism of the homeostasis. 

A. Skin acts as a ventilator for perspiration.
B. Diencephalon is a big region, in which hypothalamus is present.
C. Hypothalamus is the thermostat of the body.
D. The pituitary gland is associated with the hypothalamus to perform chemical coordination via hormones.
Hence, the correct answer is 'Hypothalamus'

Multiple choice innate and learned behaviour option a: neurobiology and behaviour biology

In a drunk person, the part of brain to be affected first is

  1. Cerebellum

  2. Pons varolli

  3. Medulla oblongata

  4. Cerebrum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
When a person gets addicted to alcohol, many serious health problems can occur due to consumption of alcohol. The first part of brain to be affected first is Cerebellum. The will power and self control of the person gets reduced. Control over emotions and moral sense also gets reduced. Loss of muscle coordination also occurs as cerebellum is affected. As a result, speech becomes incoherent. Inflammation of axons also occur which causes neuritis.
So, the correct answer is 'Cerebellum'.
Multiple choice biology coordination - the linking system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

Due to stimulation of sympathetic nervous-system?

  1. Tear secretion increases

  2. Saliva secretion decreases

  3. Sweat secretion increases

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The Sympathetic Nervous System manifests 'fight or flight' responses. It decreases the tear secretion and saliva secretion but increases sweat secretion. The parasympathetic nervous system increases tear secretion and saliva secretion.

Hence, the correct answer is 'sweat secretion increases'.

Multiple choice biology coordination - the linking system nervous systems involved in emotions types of nervous system components of nervous system

The simplest form of nervous system found in cnidarians is called as

  1. Nerve-trunk system

  2. Ladder system

  3. Nerve-net system

  4. Nerve-cord system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nerve net found in many cnidarians is a part of more advanced nervous systems. Cytoplasmic processes join the nerve cells (neurons) of nerve nets. In cnidarians, the neurons are joined to epithelial receptors and to contractile cells. In vertebrates, nerve nets may be found around blood vessels and the alimentary tract. The nerve net is the simplest form of a nervous system found in multicellular organisms. Unlike, central nervous systems where neurons are typically grouped together, neurons found in nerve nets are found spread apart. This nervous system allows cnidarians to respond to physical contact. They can detect food and other chemicals in a rudimentary way. While the nerve net allows the organism to respond to its environment, it does not serve as a means by which the organism can detect the source of the stimulus. For this reason, simple animals with nerve nets, such as Hydra, will typically produce the same motor output in response to contact with a stimulus regardless of the point of contact. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology control and co-ordination in plants and animals the reflex action reflex action and reflex arc basic reflex action and reflex arc

Reflex arc located in the brain is called as___________

  1. Somatic reflex

  2. Cerebral reflex

  3. Autonomic reflex

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • The reflex actions which involve the brain are called as the cerebral reflex. The autonomic reflex is the one that involves inner organs and the somatic reflex is one that involves the muscles. 

Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology transport in mammals regulation of the activity of heart drug, tobacco and alcohol consumption community health and hygiene

Magnetoencephalography is useful in

  1. Study of activity of normal auditory area

  2. Depression

  3. Shocked patient

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Magnetoencephalography or MEG is a non-invasive technique for investigating human brain activity. It allows the measurement of the ongoing brain activity on a millisecond-by-millisecond basis and it shows where in the brain activity is produced. So, it is helpful in shocked patients.
So, the correct answer is option C.