Biology

Nervous System and Neurons

1,224 Questions

The nervous system and neurons section covers the structural and functional aspects of the human nervous system. Topics include nerve fibers, the myelin sheath, and sympathetic nervous system functions. This material is crucial for general science preparation in various competitive exams.

Neuron structureMyelin sheath productionSympathetic nervous systemCranial and spinal nervesParasympathetic functions

Nervous System and Neurons Questions

Multiple choice frog - control and coordination system frog animal diversity - ii (phylum: chordata) organ and organ systems in animals zoology

Identify the wrong statement about frog.

  1. Parathyroid and pineal body are present

  2. There are ten cranial nerves only

  3. Optic lobes are situated in the mid brain

  4. The ventricle opens into the conus arteriosus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

There are ten pairs of cranial nerves arising from the brain. The brain is enclosed in a bony structure called brain box. The brain is divided into fore-brain mid-brain and hind-brain. Forebrain includes olfactory lobes, paired cerebral hemispheres, and unpaired diencephalon. The midbrain is characterized by a pair of optic lobes. Hind-brain consists of cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The ventricle opens into a sac-like conus arteriosus on the ventral side of heart.

So the correct option is "Parathyroid and pineal body are present".

Multiple choice temperature control homeostasis coordination and response biology

Homeothermy in humans is maintained through 

  1. Negative feed-back loop

  2. Thermoreceptors

  3. Cold receptors

  4. Warm receptors
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Homeothermy (the maintenance of a constant internal body temperature) is regulated by negative feedback loops, where the body detects deviations from the set point and initiates physiological responses to return to that set point.

Multiple choice zoology tissue level of organisation neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

Function of nerves tissue is?

  1. Excitability

  2. Sensitivity

  3. Elasticity

  4. Contraction
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Nervous tissues are the class of specialized tissues majorly found in the central and peripheral nervous system. 
  • These tissues are made up of neurons and their supporting cells called neuroglia. 
  • These tissues are responsible for the control and coordination throughout the body. 
  • The nervous tissues or neurons are excitable cells that work on the basis of action potentials.

So, the correct answer is 'Excitability'.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

Neural tissue is made up of

  1. Neutrons

  2. Electrons

  3. Neurons

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Neural tissue or nervous tissue is the main tissue component of the nervous system. It helps in the transmission of the nerve impulse from the sensory organs to the brain through the spinal cord and from the brain to the effector organ via the spinal cord.

So, the answer is 'Neurons'.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

Cell bodies of neurons form

  1. Grey matter

  2. White matter

  3. Brain

  4. Spinal cord
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Grey matter refers to the non-myelinated neurons and other cells of the central nervous system (CNS). The grey matter is the main component of CNS, consisting of cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, synapses and capillaries.

So, the answer is 'Grey matter'.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

Which of the following belongs to the neural tissues?

  1. Granulosa cells

  2. Cardiac cells

  3. Epithelial cells

  4. Nerve cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Nerve cells are also called neurons. They constitute the neural tissue. They are the largest cell in the human body. They are the structural and functional unit of the nervous system. 
So correct option is 'Nerve cells'.
Multiple choice zoology nervous system neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

A nerve

  1. Contains a single axon

  2. Is found only in CNS

  3. Carries only sensory information

  4. Is a cablelike bundle of parallel axons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Human brain consists of more than 100 billion nerve cells. These cells are further interlinked with each other and form complex nerve connections. A Nerve cell has many dendrites but has single axon through which electrical impulses are transmitted.
So the correct answer is 'Contains a single axon'.
Multiple choice zoology nervous system neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

Collateral fibres are given out along its way in ______________.

  1. Muscle fibre

  2. Axon

  3. Dendron

  4. Dendrites
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Collateral fibers are branches that emerge from the main axon along its length, allowing a single neuron to communicate with multiple target cells.

Multiple choice zoology nervous system neural tissue structure of neuron nervous tissues

The largest number of cell bodies of neurons in our body is found in:

  1. brain

  2. tongue

  3. kidneys

  4. stomach
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The largest number of cell bodies of neurons in our body is found in the brain, the human brain has approximately 86 billion neurons.

So, the correct option is 'brain'.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

Which of the following ions participate in transmission of nerve signals?

  1. Sodium

  2. Potassium

  3. Magnesium

  4. Iron
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

Option $(A),\ (B)$ are correct.

Sodium and potassium ions participate in the transmission of nerve signals. It is done by sodium/potassium pump.The membrane of an unstimulated neuron is polarized.Polarization is established by maintaining an excess of sodium ions on the outside and an excess of potassium ions on the inside. A certain amount of $Na^{ +}$ and $K^{+}$ is always leaking across the membrane through leakage channels, but $Na^{ +}/K^{ +}$ pumps in the membrane actively restore the ions to the appropriate side.

Multiple choice chemistry the s-block elements (alkali and alkaline earth metals) biological importance of sodium and potassium biological importance of elements biological importance of s block elements biological importance of magnesium and calcium

Sodium ions helps in:

  1. transmission of nerve signals

  2. transport of sugar and amino acids into cells

  3. activation of different enzymes

  4. oxidation of glucose to produce ATP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A,B Correct answer
Explanation

Option $(A),\ (B)$ are correct.

Sodium ions help in transmission of nerve signals by sodium/potassium pump.
Sodium ions also help in transport of sugar and amino acids into cells through indirect active transport via an extracellular medium.

Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human nose nose nose : the olfactory organ

Olfactory membrane is connected with __________.

  1. Taste

  2. Vision

  3. Smell

  4. Hearing
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Taste is perceived by taste buds present on tongue.
B. Vision is perceived by photoreceptor cells present in retina and they may be cones (for daylight vison and coloured vision) or rods (for low light vision).
C. Smell is perceived by olfactory membrane which is a structure present in upper part of nasal cavity.
D. Hearing is perceived by organ of Corti in middle ear which contains many hair cells that are sensitive to sounds or vibrations.
So, the correct answer is 'Smell'.
Multiple choice biology windows of knowledge human nose nose nose : the olfactory organ

Both olfactory receptors and sound receptors have cilia, and they both

  1. are chemoreceptors

  2. are mechanoreceptors

  3. initiate nerve impulses

  4. all of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

 Both olfactory receptors and sound receptors have cilia. The different senses are taste, smell, vision and auditory senses. In humans, specialized sensory receptors are present in distinct sense organs that detect the sensory stimuli and transmit the stimuli as nerve impulses to the brain.


So, the correct answer is 'initiate nerve impulses'.