Biology

Nervous System and Neurons

1,224 Questions

The nervous system and neurons section covers the structural and functional aspects of the human nervous system. Topics include nerve fibers, the myelin sheath, and sympathetic nervous system functions. This material is crucial for general science preparation in various competitive exams.

Neuron structureMyelin sheath productionSympathetic nervous systemCranial and spinal nervesParasympathetic functions

Nervous System and Neurons Questions

Multiple choice

Nerve cells are a part of

  1. epithelial tissue

  2. connective tissue

  3. nervous tissue

  4. muscular tissue

  5. -
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Nerve cells are the primary cells in the nervous system. They are responsible for relaying electrical messages to cells and tissues in other organ systems.

Multiple choice

Why is transmission of nerve impulse unidirectional?

  1. As the nerve fibre is insulated by medullary sheath

  2. As the sodium pump starts from cyton and proceeds to axonal end

  3. As the neurotransmitter is released only at dendrite ends

  4. As the neurotransmitter is released only at axon ends
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

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Multiple choice

Directions: Read the passage and answer the following question.

How many organs form a nervous system?

The nerves, the brain and the spinal cord constitute the nervous system. The nervous system controls and regulates the activities of all the other systems of the body. The brain is the main organ of the nervous system. The brain consists of cerebrum, cerebellum and medulla oblongata. The cerebrum controls voluntary actions and is the seat of intelligence. It is the largest part of the brain. The cerebellum regulates muscular movement of locomotion. The medulla oblongata is the lowermost part of the brain which  continues as the spinal cord in the vertebral column. It controls  involuntary actions. The spinal cord is the elongated nearly cylindrical continuation of medulla oblongata. The spinal cord is the center of various reflex actions. There are several organs in the body that receive the external and internal stimuli and convey it to central nervous system. The main sense organs are for touch, hearing, vision, smell and taste; these are the eyes, skin, tongue, ears, and nose.

  1. Two

  2. One

  3. Three

  4. Four

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Concept based

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding nerve conduction and synaptic integration is incorrect?

  1. The synaptic inputs are then associated with the postsynaptic cell.

  2. The action potential on entering the synapse causes the release of neurotransmitters.

  3. The binding of neurotransmitters with the pre and post synaptic membranes cause the change in membrane potential.

  4. In myelinated neurons, the action potential acts at node of Ranvier.

  5. Neurotransmitters gets activated at the synaptic junction.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Neurotransmitters gets inactivated at the synaptic junction by enzymatic degradation or selective uptake mechanisms.

Multiple choice

Select the incorrect statement regarding the spinal cord.

  1. Sensory information on pain and temperature is delivered by the spinothalamic system.

  2. Sensory information is transmitted up the dorsal column system.

  3. The corticospinal tract is mainly implicated with regular distal motor control.

  4. The cervical spinal cord stimulates the arms.

  5. The spinal cord is highly organized with decending sensory pathways.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

The spinal cord is highly organised with ascending sensory pathways, descending motor tracts, motor neurones that strengthen, muscles and interneurones that commands both sensory and motor information.

Multiple choice

Which brain cell in the central nervous system can perform the same function of Schwann cells in peripheral nervous system?

  1. Oligodendrocytes

  2. Ependymal cells

  3. Astrocytes

  4. Microglia

  5. Pons
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

They are a variety of neuroglia. Their main functions are to provide support and to insulate the axons in the central nervous system of some vertebrates. Oligodendrocytes do this by creating the myelin sheath, which is 80% lipid and 20% protein.

Multiple choice

Which of the following contains the network of branched cells in the central nervous system and the supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system?

  1. Neuroglia

  2. Neuron

  3. Spinal cord

  4. Cerebrum

  5. Cerebellum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

It is the supportive tissue of the nervous system including the network of branched cells in the central nervous system (astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes) and the supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system (neurilemma and satellite cells).