Modern Indian History

Dadabhai Naoroji's book, Poverty and Un-British Rule in India, published in 1901, was a landmark work that criticized British economic exploitation. In it, he formulated the Drain Theory, explaining how India's wealth was being systematically transferred to Britain. This book played a crucial role in the development of Indian nationalist thought.

Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar started the weekly newspaper Muknayak in 1920 to advocate for the rights of the Dalit community. The other figures listed were prominent reformers or leaders, but they are not associated with this specific publication.

Swami Vivekananda founded the Ramakrishna Mission in 1897 in honor of his guru, Ramakrishna Paramhansa. It is a philanthropic and spiritual organization.

Pandita Ramabai founded the Arya Mahila Samaj in Pune in 1882 to promote women's education and improve their social status. She was a pioneer in women's rights in India.

Swami Dayananda Saraswati founded the Arya Samaj in 1875. It is a monotheistic Indian Hindu reform movement that promotes values and practices based on the belief in the infallible authority of the Vedas.

Lal Bahadur Shastri, the second Prime Minister of India, coined the slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kisan during the 1965 war to boost the morale of soldiers and farmers.

Allama Iqbal wrote the famous patriotic poem Sare Jahan Se Achha in 1904. It is widely regarded as one of the most popular patriotic songs in India.

Maharshi Dhondo Keshav Karve was a pioneer in the field of women's education and widow remarriage in India. He established the Vidhva Vivah Mandal to support this cause.

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil founded the Rayat Shikshan Sanstha in 1919 to provide education to the underprivileged sections of society in Maharashtra.

Swami Dayananda Saraswati gave the call 'Back to the Vedas' to encourage a return to the original, pure teachings of the Vedas and to reject later ritualistic practices.

Swami Vivekananda founded the Vedanta Society in New York in 1894 to spread the philosophy of Vedanta in the West.

V.D. Savarkar founded the Abhinav Bharat Society in 1904, which was a secret revolutionary organization.

Mahatma Phule's philosophy was centered on humanism and the equality of all human beings, regardless of caste or gender.

Abhinav Bharat was reorganized in Nashik in 1906, although the society had roots dating back to 1904 as the Mitra Mela.

Maharshi Dhondo Keshav Karve established the SNDT Women's University in 1916, the first women's university in India.