Biology

Minerals and Nutrients

936 Questions

Review essential biology concepts regarding minerals and nutrients in this question bank. It covers trace elements required by plants and minerals crucial for human blood and bone formation. These facts frequently appear in general science exams.

Essential plant micronutrientsChlorophyll synthesis elementsHuman blood and bone mineralsTrace elements in physiology

Minerals and Nutrients Questions

Multiple choice biology absorption by roots - the processes involved manure manures and fertilisers water absorption organ

Which of the following elements are most readily mobilised?

  1. Phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen and potassium

  2. Calcium, sulphur, nitrogen and phosphorus

  3. Phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen and calcium

  4. Potassium, sulphur, nitrogen and calcium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphorus, sulphur, nitrogen and potassium most readily mobilise while calcium is structural component which is not remobilised.

Multiple choice chemistry biomolecules enzymes and hormones hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control

The element present in traces in insulin is:

  1. Iron

  2. Cobalt

  3. Zinc

  4. Magnesium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The element present in traces in insulin is Zinc. It plays an important role in insulin metabolism and acts as an efficient antioxidant.

 It increases the pancreatic insulin content and improves the glucose tolerance test. Zinc is considered to be the main component in the initiation and progression of insulin resistance and diabetes.

Multiple choice biology protectors of biosphere structure of chloroplast plastids photosynthetic pigments

Cytochrome is a :

  1. Mg containing pyrrole rings

  2. Fe containing porphyrin ring

  3. Nucleotide

  4. Alloy of inchrome.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(B) Fe containing Porphyrin ring 


Cytochromes are heme proteins that undergo oxidation Reduction reaction and differentiated on the Basis of 

their apoprotein structure, heme structures, and optical absorption in the visible spectrum.

As cytochromes are heme proteins which contain Iron compound in the Tetrapyrrole/Porphyrin structure.

Option B is correct.

Multiple choice group 17 elements - trends in chemical properties group 17 elements - properties p- block elements-ii p-block elements chemistry

 Essential trace element involved in physiology of thyroid glands :

  1. K

  2. Mg

  3. Ni
  4. $I _{2}$
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Iodine's main role in animal biology is as constituents of the thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These are made from addition condensation products of the amino acid tyrosine, and are stored prior to release in an iodine-containing protein called thyroglobulin. T4 and T3 contain four and three atoms of iodine per molecule, respectively. The thyroid gland actively absorbs iodine from the blood to make and release these hormones into the blood, actions which are regulated by a second hormone TSH from the pituitary. Thyroid hormones are phylogenetically very old molecules which are synthesized by most multicellular organisms, and which even have some effect on unicellular organisms.

Multiple choice evs structure and functions of living organisms -ii role of receptors in the mouth types of teeth introduction to human digestive system circulatory system and organs

Calcium and ............. gives rigidity to bones and teeth 

  1. Oxalate

  2. Pectate

  3. Carbonate

  4. Phosphate

  5. Sulphate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Phosphorus is found within the skeleton and teeth, where it is compounded with calcium to form calcium phosphate.  It is a primarily component of hydroxyapatite crystals in bones and teeth, and help in rigidity to the softer portions. 
So the correct answer is D.
Multiple choice biology our skeletal system and the skin bones and movements joints in the human body joints

The major constituent of vertebrate bone is

  1. Sodium chloride

  2. Calcium phosphate

  3. Potassium hydroxide

  4. Calcium carbonate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • Bone is the rigid part that constitutes the vertebral skeleton. It is a connective tissue largely composed of organic protein collagen and the inorganic mineral hydroxyapatite.
  • Mineral hydroxyapatite is chemically Calcium phosphate.
  • Hence the major constituent of vertebrate bone is calcium phosphate.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Calcium phosphate'.
Multiple choice biology chemical coordination and integration hormones coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.
Which of the following is not involved in calcium metabolism?

  1. Calmodulin

  2. Calcitonin

  3. Parathyroid hormone

  4. Atrial natriuretic factor
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(A)Calmodulin is a multifunctional intermediate calcium binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells. It is an intracellular target of the secondary messenger Ca2+, and the binding of Ca2+ is required for the activation of calmodulin. 

(B) Calcitonin is a hypocalcemic hormone. This is secreted by the C-cells in the thyroid gland. It acts on bone and the kidney to reduce the blood calcium level. It reduces the reabsorption of calcium from bones and inhibits reabsorption of calcium by the renal tubules.
(C) The parathyroid gland secretes a peptide hormone called parathyroid hormone (PTH). The secretion of PTH is regulated by the circulating levels of calcium ions. PTH increases the calcium levels in the blood. PTH also stimulates reabsorption of calcium by the renal tubules and increase calcium absorption from the digested food.
(D) Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) is released when there is an increase in blood flow to the atria of the heart. ANF can cause vasodilation (dilation of blood vessels) and thereby decrease the blood pressure. ANF mechanism, therefore, acts as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism.
So the correct answer is the Atrial Natriuretic Factor. 

Multiple choice zoology endocrine system and chemical co-ordination mechanism of hormone action coordination in human beings- chemical control endocrine system in humans

Which of these is not a secondary messenger?

  1. cAMP

  2. cGMP

  3. Calcium

  4. Sodium/Mg
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Secondary messengers are intracellular signalling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure of extracellular signalling molecules-the first messengers. Second messengers trigger physiological changes such as proliferation, migration, survival, etc. Some common secondary messengers are cAMP(Cyclic Adenosine Mono Phosphate), cGMP(Cyclic Guanosine Mono Phosphate), Calcium ion, IP$ _3$, etc. So all the given options serve as secondary messengers except the Sodium/Mg ions.

So, the correct answer is 'Sodium/Mg'.