Medieval and Islamic History

After the death of Razia Sultan in 1240, Muiz ud din Bahram Shah ascended the throne of the Delhi Sultanate.

Alauddin Khalji was the first Sultan to maintain a large, permanent standing army paid directly from the state treasury to defend against Mongol invasions.

Humayun founded the city of Dinpanah in 1533, which served as his capital.

The six Great Mughals were Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb, who ruled from 1526 to 1707.

The Treaty of Allahabad in 1765 was signed between the Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II and Robert Clive of the East India Company, granting the Company the Diwani rights for Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa.

Raja Dahar was the ruler of Sindh who was defeated by the Arab forces led by Muhammad bin Qasim in 712 CE.

Akbar built the Ibadat Khana (House of Worship) in 1575 at his capital, Fatehpur Sikri, to facilitate religious discussions among scholars of different faiths.

Qutbuddin Aibak, a general of Muhammad Ghori, established the Slave Dynasty and became the first Muslim ruler of the Delhi Sultanate in 1206.

Ain-i-Akbari is the third volume of the Akbarnama, a detailed administrative report of Emperor Akbar's reign, authored by his court historian Abul Fazl.

Fatawa-i-Alamgiri is a compilation of Islamic law commissioned by the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb in the late 17th century.

The Slave Dynasty (also known as the Mamluk Dynasty), established by Qutb-ud-din Aibak, was the first of the Delhi Sultanate dynasties.

Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat in 1526, marking the establishment of the Mughal Empire in India.

Nalanda University, a renowned center of learning in ancient India, was destroyed by the forces of Bakhtiyar Khilji during his military campaigns in the early 13th century.