Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

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The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice evs a treat for mosquito algae: benefits and harmful effects basics of algae types of microorganisms

Eutely means ....................

  1. Variable muscle cells

  2. Variable locomotion

  3. Constant number of cells or nuclei in individuals of a species or in parts of their bodies

  4. Strictly marine nature
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The constant number of cells or nuclei in individuals of a species or in parts of their bodies is known as eutely.

 The largest group of animals exhibiting eutely are the nematode worms, one of the largest of all animal phyla, and of great medical and agricultural importance as parasites of plants, animals, and humans. A plant that exhibits eutely is usually called a coenobium. Many species of semimicroscopic aquatic green algae exist as coenobia, such as the common Volvox and Pandorina.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

A common characteristic of all vertebrates is

  1. Presence of skull

  2. Division of body into head, neck, trunk and tail

  3. Presence of two pairs of functional appendages

  4. Body is covered with an exoskeleton
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
A. Vertebrates are advanced chordates having cranium (brain box) around the brain and hence, they are called as craniata. So, all vertebrates have skull i.e. cranium.
B. Their body consists of serially arranged vertebrae which comprises of a major part of their axial exoskeleton, the vertebral column or the backbone.
C. Their skin covered by protective skeleton that comprises of scales, feathers, hair, etc.
D. They have an endoskeleton which may be made up of cartilage or bones.
Hence, statement A is correct. So, the correct answer is 'Presence of skull'. 
Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. All chordates are vertebrates

  2. All vertebrates are chordates

  3. Invertebrates possess a tubular nerve cord

  4. Non-chordates have a vertebral column
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • In vertebrates, notochord is present only in embryonic stages and then it is replaced by a vertebral column or backbone.
  • In chordates, notochord is present throughout the life of the organism.
Hence, all vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates.
So, the correct answer is 'All vertebrates are chordates'.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

All vertebrates carry _______without exception.

  1. RBC

  2. Bony vertebral column

  3. Glandular skin

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A. RBCs or the red blood cells contain a red coloured pigment due to the presence of iron) called haemoglobin which carries oxygen to different parts of the body.

  • It is present in all the vertebrates irrespective of its size.
B. The vertebral column is present only in higher vertebrates in all the stages of development whereas, in lower vertebrates, the notochord is present in the larval stage and are not present in adults.
C. Only a few vertebral animals have glandular skin. Eg- frogs (have glandular moist skin).
So, the correct answer is 'RBC'.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

The feature common to all chordates is

  1. Presence of gill slits throughout the life

  2. Ventral solid nerve cord

  3. Presence of amnion

  4. Dorsal tubular hollow nerve cord
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Chordates are the group of animals which possess a notochord. They have a tubular hollow and dorsal nerve cord. The notochord is the rod like structure. It is made up of cartilage and extends along the length of the body. In certain groups, the notochord forms the tail like structure which helps in swimming in case of fishes. There are presence of pharyngeal slits. There is an endostyle and a post anal tail for at least some period of their life.
Thus, the correct answer is option D. 
Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Vertebrates are mainly divided into _____ groups

  1. Four

  2. Three

  3. Five

  4. Two
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spinal column, also called vertebrae.
  • The five most well-known classes of vertebrates are mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, amphibians. They belong to the phylum Chordata.
So, the correct answer is 'Five'.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Vertebral column is found in ________________. 

  1. Arthropoda

  2. Porifera

  3. Both A and B

  4. Vertebrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is a bony skeletal structure found in vertebrates. It is formed from individual bones called vertebrae, which houses the spinal canal, a cavity that encloses and protects the spinal cord. Therefore, (d) is the correct answer. 

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Which of the following is a distinct character of chordates?

  1. Chorda dorsalis

  2. Cephalization

  3. Claws

  4. Pharyngotomy
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Chorda dorsalis is notochord, which is a rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. It is composed of cells derived from the mesoderm and defines the primitive axis of the embryo.
Cephalization is whereby nervous tissue over many generations, becomes concentrated towards one end of an organism, observed throughout evolutionary advancement in phylum Echinodermata.
Claws are curved, pointed appendage, found at the end of a toe or finger in most amniotes like mammals, reptiles and birds.
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Common characteristic of all vertebrates, without exception is

  1. Presence of exoskeleton

  2. Presence of well developed skull

  3. Two pairs of functional appendages

  4. Division of body into head, neck, trunk and tail
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

All vertebrates have a living endoskeleton. The characteristic of vertebrates without exception is the presence of a brain. The brain is set inside a bony box called as the cranium. Cranium is made up of eight bones. It protects the human brain from mechanical injury.
Therefore, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

The most primitive vertebrates are ______________.

  1. Ostracoderms

  2. Cephalochordates

  3. Placoderms

  4. Cyclostomes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ostracoderms are considered the most primitive vertebrates, being jawless armored fish from the Paleozoic era. Other options like Cephalochordates are chordates but not vertebrates, while Placoderms and Cyclostomes appeared later or represent different lineages.

Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Which is not found in vertebrates?

  1. Gill opening

  2. Bilateral symmetry

  3. Cnidoblasts

  4. Body scales
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Gill openings are called gill slits. Gill slits are present in vertebrates.
B. Vertebrates have bilateral symmetry, in which a lengthwise vertical plane divides the body into equal and opposite halves.
C. Cnidoblasts are the cells that contain stinging capsules and are found in Coelenterates.
D. Body scales are the appendages on the surface of the skin and are found in vertebrates.
Hence, Cnidoblasts are not found in vertebrates. So, the correct answer is 'Cnidoblasts'.
Multiple choice zoology biodiversity and its classifications vertebrates characteristics of vertebrates classification of organisms

Vertebrates do not possess

  1. Dorsal heart

  2. Ventral heart

  3. Vertebral column

  4. Coelom
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • The heart of vertebrates is ventrally placed.
  • The body of vertebrates consists of serially arranged vertebrae which comprises of a major part of their axial exoskeleton, the vertebral column or the backbone.
  • The coelom of vertebrates is large and well developed and it is of enterocoelous type.
Hence, vertebrates do not possess dorsal heart. So, the correct answer is 'Dorsal heart'.