Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Ammocoete larva belongs to 

  1. Petromyzon

  2. Myxine

  3. Amphioxus

  4. Balanoglossus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ammocoete larva is the larval stage of the primitive jawless fish, called as the lamprey or Petromyzon. Adult lampreys spawn in rivers and then die. The young larvae, ammocoetes, spend several years in the rivers, where they live burrowed in fine sediment, filter feeding on detritus and microorganisms. Then, ammocoetes undergo a metamorphosis lasting several months. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Match the name of the animal (Column I), with one characteristics (Column II), and the phylum/class (column III) to which it belongs :

  1. Column I : Petromyzon, Column II : ectoparasite, Column III : Cyclostomata

  2. Column I : Ichthyophis, Column II : terrestrial, Column III : Reptilia

  3. Column I : Limulus, Column II : body covered by chitinous exoskeleton, Column III : Pisces

  4. Column I : Adamsia, Column II : radially symmetrical, Column III : Porifera
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
L imulus belongs to phylum Arthropoda. Adamsia belongs to phylum Coelenterata. Petromyzon (lamprey) (cyclostomata) is a sanguivorous ectoparasite of larger fishes. Ichthyophis is a limbless amphibian and belongs to class Amphibia.

So, the correct answer is 'A'.
Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Which of the following classes doesn't belong to the superclass Agnatha?

  1. Ostracoderm

  2. Cyclostomata

  3. Placodermi

  4. Chondrictheyes
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C,D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Agnatha is a superclass of jawless fish i.e these animals have no jaws.
  • They come under the phylum chordata, subphylum vertebrata and includes the Cyclostomes and extinct Ostracoderm species.
  • Placodermi is a class of armoured prehistoric fish having plated skin belonging to the superclass Gnathostomata (having jaws).
  • Chondrichthyes is a class which contains cartilaginous fishes and belong to the superclass Gnathostomata.
  • So the correct answer is 'Placodermi and Chondrichthyes'.
Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

The notochord is present throughout the life in organisms belonging to which of the following group?

  1. Agnatha

  2. Cephalochordata

  3. Urochordata

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cephalochordates are a group of organisms in which the notochord extends from head to tail region and is persistent throughout their life. Agnatha is a group of vertebrates that lacks jaw and notochord is present in both larvae and adult forms. While in Gnathostomata (jawed vertebrates) notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in adults.

In Urochordata, the notochord is present only in the larval tail. 
So, the correct option is 'Agnatha and Cephalochordata'.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

What is the fate of notochord in an adult organism which belongs to Gnathostomata?

  1. Notochord extincts

  2. Notochord is replaced by the vertebral column

  3. Notochord becomes vestigial

  4. Notochord continues same as in larval stage
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Phylum Chordata can be divided into two categories:-
1) Protochordata- The notochord is present in the larval stage of these animals and it is rudimentary in adults.
2) Vertebrata- The notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in adults.
  • Gnathostomata is a superclass which includes jawed vertebrate fishes.
  • They come under the subphylum vertebrata i.e the notochord is replaced by a vertebral column in adults.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Notochord is replaced by the vertebral column'.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Which among the following is the lowest grade vertebrate?

  1. Agnatha

  2. Cyclostomata

  3. Echinodermates

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Agnatha is a superclass of jawless fishes in the phylum Chordata. These are ectothermic, meaning they do not regulate their own body temperature. They show slow metabolism in cold water. They do not have a proper stomach rather they have a long homogenous gut. They are lowest grade vertebrates. The notochord is persistent in them. 

Cyclostomata is a group of chordates that comprises the living jawless fishes - the lampreys and hagfishes. These fishes are a parasite as well as scavengers. The body is long, then tubular and tail is flat. They are also known as false fish.
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Petromyzon is included under

  1. Cephalochordata

  2. Agnatha

  3. Tetrapoda

  4. Pisces
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) is a parasitic lamprey found in the northern Atlantic Ocean along shores of Europe and North America, in the western Mediterranean sea and in the shores of the Great Lakes. It belongs to superclass Agnatha (It is a superclass of jawless fishes). It is brown, gray, or black on its back and white or gray on the underside. The lamprey uses its suction cup-like mouth to attach itself to the skin of a fish and rasps away tissue with its sharp, probing tongue and keratinized teeth.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Circular and suctorial mouth is present in

  1. Labeo

  2. Petromyzon

  3. Scolidon

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Petromyzon (lampreys) are all carnivorous and are true predators. The method of attack is very peculiar. It attack fishes, turtles etc and it attach themselves by suctorial mouth which is circular in shape. Mouth acts a sucker, it rasps the flesh of the prey with its tongue. Teeth which are situated around the mouth sink into the flesh of the prey and serve it to hold properly. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Kingdom Animalia is also known as

  1. Metazoa

  2. Protozoa

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Metazoa is the term given to the fully developed complex organism having tissue level organization. Kingdom Animalia is considered as metazoa. All the members of this kingdom are multicellular, eukaryotes. They are heterotrophs, they depend on other organisms directly or indirectly for food. Most of the organisms are motile which means they can move independently and spontaneously. 

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Vertebrata consist of which classes from the following?

  1. Bony fish

  2. Amphibians

  3. Reptiles

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vertebrata is the most important part of chordate and is distinguished by a backbone (made either of bone or cartilage) having bones known as vertebrae and a skull enclosing a brain. The nervous system is entirely protected by these structures and also maintains the shape of the body.

The subphylum vertebrata is divided into seven classes: jawless fish, cartilaginous fish, bony fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. 
So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Which of the following is the most important part of chordate?

  1. Hermichordate

  2. Vertebrata

  3. Mollusca

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Vertebrata is the most important part of chordate and is distinguished by a backbone (made either of bone or cartilage) having bones known as vertebrae and a skull enclosing a brain. The nervous system is entirely protected by these structures and also maintains the shape of the body.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Petromyzon belongs to class

  1. Osteichthyes

  2. Chondrichthyes

  3. Cyclostomata

  4. Amphibia
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
A. Class Osteichthyes comes under the superclass Pisces and includes lungfishes, lobbed finned fishes and ray-finned fishes.
B. Class Chondrichthyes comes under the superclass Pisces. Most fishes are marine and a few live in the tropical rivers.
C. Class Cyclostomata comes under superclass Agnatha which is a paraphyletic superclass of jawless fishes.
D. Class Amphibia comprises the animals that inhabit both land and water.
Petromyzon belongs to class Cyclostomata.
So, the correct answer is 'Cyclostomata'.
Multiple choice biology diversity in living world characteristics of vertebrates classification of vertebrata classifications of chordata

Which is true?

  1. All living members of class cyclostomata are parasites on some fishes

  2. There are about 2000 species in the class osteichthyes

  3. Ciona belongs to subphylum cephalo chordata

  4. Arthropods are diploblastic animals

  5. Ascaris lumbricoides is a flatworm
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cyclostomes (like lampreys) are jawless vertebrates that are often ectoparasites on other fishes. Option C is wrong because Ciona is a Urochordate, not a Cephalochordate.