Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice biology structural organization in living organisms structure of a plant cell levels of organisation in plants plant and animal cell

In which of the following organisms you observe a cell with three different types of large organelles each bounded by two membranes?

  1. A plant

  2. A virus

  3. A fungus

  4. A bacterium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The plant cell contains three different types of cell organelles which have two membranes. The chloroplast, mitochondria and the nucleus are the organelles which are surrounded by double membranous structures. The chloroplast is involved in photosynthesis, mitochondria performs respiration and the nucleus controls the activity of the other organelles. 

Thus, the correct answer is option A. 

Multiple choice biology transport in plant transport of water and minerals conduction of water and minerals absorption of water and minerals in plants

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
An arachnid differs from a crustacean because:

  1. arachnids lack antennae

  2. arachnids are mostly aquatic and crustaceans are mostly terrestrial

  3. only arachnids shed their exoskeletons

  4. only arachnids have two major body segments of cephalothorax and abdomen
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Crustaceans and Arachnida are classes of Phylum Arthropoda. Crustaceans have 2 pairs of antennae but in arachnids they are absent. 
So the correct answer is "arachnids lack antennae".
Multiple choice biology the life cycle of animals types of reproduction in animals oviparous and viviparous a study on animals

Offsprings of oviparous animals are at greater risk of survival as compared to those of viviparous animals because

  1. Proper embryonic care and protection is absent

  2. Embryo does not develop completely

  3. Progenies are of smaller size

  4. Genetic variations do not occur
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
In oviparous animals such as reptiles and birds, fertilised eggs are covered by hard calcareous shell and are laid in a safe place. After incubation period, young ones hatch out. In viviparous animals such as majority of mammals including human beings, the zygote develops into a young one inside the body of the female individual. After a certain growth, young ones are delivered by the female individual. Due to proper care and protection, the chances of survival of young ones are more in viviparous individuals.
So, the correct answer is 'Proper embryonic care and protection is absent'.
Multiple choice biology cell biology cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell biology cell : the basis of life

The cell theory is not applicable to____________

  1. Bacteria

  2. Algae

  3. Virus

  4. Fungi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The bottom line is that viruses are not alive and not related to cells in any way. The cell theory states that all living things are made of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function of living things and that all cells come from other cells. Since, viruses are not made of cells and do not use cells in any of their processes, they are not related to the cell theory.

A virus is nothing more than a protein coat surrounding a piece of DNA or RNA. Sure, they can adapt to the environment and respond to stimuli, but they do not use energy, nor do they grow. These are all characteristics of cells.

Multiple choice biology cell biology cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell biology cell : the basis of life

Which of the following statement is not a statement from the cell theory?

  1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.

  2. Cells are the smallest unit of life that can replicate independently.

  3. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organisation in organisms.

  4. All cells come from preexisting living cells.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The cell theory is one of the basic principles of biology. The credit for the formulation of this theory is given to German scientists, Theodor Schwann, Mattias Schleiden. Cell theory, stated that cells arise from pre-existing cells. They donot have the potential to replicate independently. They depend upon the parent cell,  for the enzymes which are used for replication.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology cell biology cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell biology cell : the basis of life

Which of the following is not a characteristic of living things?

  1. Perform cellular respiration

  2. Regulate their internal environment

  3. Reproduce

  4. Change their external environment

  5. Pass traits to offspring
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All the given characteristics are peculiar and prominent for the living things.
Living things cannot change their external environment, as because the external environment depends upon the several biogeographical factors. Living things adjust themselves according to external environment, as they have immense potential of homeostasis, which helps them to acclimatize according to the changing environment.  Skin and the hormonal response helps to sense the changing condition which is further analyzed by the brain in parietal lobe.

Multiple choice biology cell biology cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell biology cell : the basis of life

In view of the current status of our knowledge about the cell structure, which of the following statement(s) about cell theory is/are correct?
(i) The cell theory does not hold good since all living organisms are not cellular in organisation.
(ii) The cell theory in its modified form means that all living objects are composed of cells capable of reproduction.
(iii) The cell theory means that all living objects consist of cells, whether reproducing or not.
(iv) The cell theory needed modification due to the discovery of sub-cellular structures such as chloroplasts and mitochondria.

  1. (i) and (ii)

  2. (i), (ii) and (iii)

  3. Only (i)

  4. (ii) and (iii)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The cell theory is one of the basic principles of biology. Credit for the formulation of this theory is given to German scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden and Rudolph Virchow.
The cell theory states-

1) All living organisms are composed of cells. They may be unicellular or multicellular.
2) Cells arise from pre-existing cells.
3) All living organism like virus are not formed by cells. 

Multiple choice biology cell biology cell as structural and functional unit introduction to cell biology cell : the basis of life

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.


Which is not true about the cell theory?

  1. It states that all organisms are composed of cells

  2. It states that all cells come from pre-existing cells

  3. It states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously

  4. It is accepted today by biologists as applying to virtually all forms of life
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

According to the cell theory all organisms (unicellular or multicellular) are formed of cells. It also states that all cells arise from pre-existing cells by cell division and do not originate spontaneously. Bacteria and other organisms therefore cannot arise spontaneously. So, the correct answer is 'It states that bacteria and other small organisms can arise spontaneously'.

Multiple choice botany breeding and biotechnology branches of biotechnology gene cloning biotechnology and genetic engineering

Restriction enzymes are isolated chiefly from

  1. Algae

  2. Fungi

  3. Protozoa

  4. Prokaryotes

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Restriction endonucleases are enzymes, isolated chiefly from prokaryotes, that recognize specific nucleotide sequences within double stranded DNA and cleaves it at these sites. These restriction endonucleases facilitate the specific fragmentation of double stranded DNA and are very useful for DNA sequence analysis. These enzymes can be classified into three groups. Type I and type III enzymes carry a modification (methylation) and an ATP requiring restriction (cleavage) activity within the same protein. Both types of enzymes identify unmethylated sequences in substrate DNA, but type I enzymes cleave randomly, whereas type III enzymes cut DNA at specific sites. Type II restriction enzyme consist of a separate restriction endonuclease and a modification methylase. 
Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Polylecithal egg of reptiles, bird and monotremes are also called "cleidoic" egg because these

  1. Have calcareous shell and other membrane.

  2. Are an adaptation to terrestrial life.

  3. Have self sufficient food, water and salt.

  4. None of the above.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Cleidoic eggs are those eggs, which have a protective shell, and are laid out of water. The shell is porous to air, and may be flexible or calcareous (hard). The eggs contain all the food the embryo needs to develop into a hatchling. The significance of the cleidoic egg is that it enables reproduction out of, and often away from, water. The eggs of insects and birds, which is enclosed in a protective shell limiting the exchange of water, gases, etc. These type of eggs are found in reptiles, birds and insects. Hence, option A is correct.