Biology · Science General

Diversity in Living Organisms

3,323 Questions

The diversity in living organisms deals with the classification of life forms into various kingdoms and phyla. This topic covers specific traits of bacteria, animal body cavities, and structural adaptations for survival. These fundamentals are crucial for biology sections in medical entrance and state board exams.

Animal phyla characteristicsBacteria and flagellaBiological adaptationsKingdom Animalia classificationBody cavity typesExtinct organism subphylaJawless animals identification

Diversity in Living Organisms Questions

Multiple choice zoology locomotion and reproduction flagella other cell components single membrane bound organelles

The variation in pattern of 9+2 in cilium or flagellum is shown by 

  1. Flatworm

  2. Eel

  3. Sporozoan protozoan

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The 9+2 arrangement of fibrils is characteristics of eukaryotes being comprised of 9 peripheral doublet and 2 central singlet fibrils. Although the 9 + 2 pattern is the fundamental pattern of virtually all cilia and flagella, the axonemes of certain sporozoan protozoans and some insect sperm show some interesting variations. The spermatozoids of flatworms are also atypical. The eel sperm shows 9+0 arrangement. These atypical cilia and flagella, which are all motile, show that the central pair of singlet microtubules is not necessary for axonemal beating and that fewer than nine outer doublets can sustain motility, but at a lower frequency.

Multiple choice evs nutrition and its deficiency general functions of food nutrition and its need in plants nutrition and its need

The energy required to maintain the metabolic rate of a small field mouse is inversely related to its size. Therefore, the field mouse

  1. Uses fewer calories to maintain body mass (relative to its size) than a horse

  2. Consumes more food per unit of body mass than a horse

  3. Has a slower breathing rate than a horse

  4. Has a slower heart rate and blood volume (relative to size) than a horse
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • In endothermic and ectothermic animals, ie. warm and cold-blooded animals, metabolic rates are inversely proportional to the size of the organism.
  •  This shows that smaller animals, like the mouse, have a much faster metabolic rate than that of larger animals like humans or elephants or horse. Hence, The energy required to maintain the metabolic rate of a small field mouse is inversely related to its size. Therefore, the field mouse consumes more food per unit of body mass than a horse.
So, the correct answer is 'Consumes more food per unit of body mass than a horse'.
Multiple choice zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

If non labelled diagram of earthworm is given, then which special character must be shown to include it in a specific phylum?

  1. Eye

  2. Metamerical segmentation

  3. Clietlum

  4. Anus
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Metameric segmentation is the defining feature that places earthworms in the phylum Annelida. While clitellum (option C, misspelled as Clietlum) is also characteristic, it is specific to clitellates within annelids, whereas segmentation is the broader phylum-level trait used for classification.

Multiple choice zoology environmental science structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

In earthworm skeleton like function is performed by _______________.

  1. Coelomic fluid

  2. Alimentary canal filled with food

  3. Typhlosole

  4. Clitellum
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The coelomic fluid in earthworms acts as a hydrostatic skeleton, providing support and allowing for movement through peristalsis.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

Choose the correct answers from the alternatives given.
External ears are characteristics of.

  1. cartilaginous fishes

  2. sea horse

  3. mammals

  4. newts
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The ear has external, middle, and inner portions. The outer ear is called the pinna and is made of ridged cartilage covered by skin. Sound funnels through the pinna into the external auditory canal, a short tube that ends at the eardrum. These are the characteristic of mammals.

So, the correct option is 'Mammals'.

Multiple choice zoology earthworm structure of earthworm earthworm - morphology, integumentary system , respiration and nervous system adaptations

In Pheretima, the segments without setae are 

  1. First, last and clitellar segments

  2. Only clitellar segments

  3. Only fourth segment

  4. Only second segment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • Except for the first, clitellar and last segment, all the other segments have eight setae located around each segment. 
  • The setae look like small bristles sticking out of the earthworm’s skin. The setae can be retracted and are for moving through the soil. The bristle-like setae anchor the segments as they crawl.
So, the correct option is 'First, last and clitellar segments'.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Ctenophora got their names from

  1. Presence of colloblast cells

  2. Presence of paddle like comb plates

  3. Presence of cnidoblasts

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters worldwide. Their most distinctive feature is the combs, which is groups of cilia they use for swimming. They are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia. Generally, the outer surface bears usually eight comb rows, called as swimming plates, which are used for swimming. Comb plates paddle plates in them are arranged circumferentially like seams in a football. 

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Ctenophora shows affinities with 

  1. Cnidaria

  2. Aschelminthes

  3. Cephalopoda

  4. Turbellaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Ctenophora is a phylum of marine animals which has a diploblastic body like cnidarians. They consist of a jelly-like substance known as mesoglea between endoderm and ectoderm. Ctenophores also resemble cnidarians in having a decentralised nerve net rather than a brain. Both these groups rely on water flow through the body cavity for both digestion and respiration.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Biradial symmetry and lack of cnidoblasts are characteristic of 

  1. Hydra and starfish

  2. Starfish and sea anemone

  3. Ctenophora and Beroe

  4. Aurelia and Paramecium
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Beroe is also known as the mellon jellyfish and is the most common type of species of phylum Ctenophora. Ctenophora is known to have biradial symmetry. Each of the four parts is identical to the opposite side but different from the adjacent side. Cnidoblasts and nematocysts are absent in Ctenophora and are found in cnidarians. 

Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Comb jellies are placed under the group 

  1. Rotifera

  2. Acanthocephala

  3. Cnidaria

  4. Ctenophora
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that lives in marine water. Their most distinctive feature is the combs and groups of cilia they use for swimming. They are the largest animals that swim by means of cilia.

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

True jelly fishes belongs to the class

  1. Scyphozoa

  2. Anthozoa

  3. Hydrozoa

  4. Both A and B
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Jellyfish are the organisms which belong to the group of class Scyphozoa. These are the organisms which do not form the structure of the polyp. They are from the phylum Coelenterate. There are many tentacles which are attached to the bell shaped body. 
Therefore, the correct answer is option A.
Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

The characteristic feature of Ctenophora is

  1. Presence of eight comb plates for locomotion

  2. Absence of nematocysts

  3. Presence of colloblasts of lasso cells on the tentacles for capturing food

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters. The outer surface bears usually eight comb rows. This is called as comb plates or swimming-plates, which are used for swimming. Ctenophora lack stinging nematocysts. Lasso cells are kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells. These are found in great numbers in all coelentrates. 

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Which of the following is an example of Ctenophora?

  1. Beroe and Cestum

  2. Ctenoplana

  3. Pleurobrachia

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Ctenophora is a phylum of animals that live in marine waters. The outer surface bears usually eight comb rows. This is called as comb plates or swimming-plates, which are used for swimming. Ctenophora lack stinging nematocysts. Lasso cells are kind of defensive and offensive stinging cells. These are found in great numbers in all coelentrates.  The Beroe or Melon jellyfish and flattened species like Cestum belongs to Ctenophora. Ctenoplana is a genus of comb jellies andPleurobrachia is a common genus of Ctenophora.Thus, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology animal diversity - i (inverterbrate phyla) ctenophora phylum ctenophora cnidaria

Ctenophora shows affinities with 

  1. Cnidaria

  2. Aschelminthes

  3. Cephalopoda

  4. Turbellaria
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Ctenophora shows several affinities with Cnidaria, some of them are:

1. The radial and tetramerous symmetry of the body, like the medusa of the hydrozoans.
2. Arrangement of parts along oral-aboral axis. 
3. Presence of branching gastrovascular canals and absence of coelom.
4. Presence of tentacles and statocyst.
5. Endodermal nature of gonads etc.
Hence, option A is correct.