Biology · Chemistry

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry

1,009 Questions

Lipids, fats, and biochemistry explore the structure and function of biological molecules. This includes fatty acids, cholesterol, trans-fats, and cellular membranes. Questions on this topic frequently appear in science sections of competitive government exams.

Types of fats and lipidsCholesterol and human bodyFatty acidsCellular membranes

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry Questions

Multiple choice biology living in harmony climate factors abiotic components organisms and environment

Ultimate source of energy for living beings is

  1. Carbohydrates

  2. Fats

  3. Sunlight

  4. ATP
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A food chain is series of plants/animals which are interrelated in the form of organism being eaten as food by the other. It consists of producers, consumers and decomposers. It always starts with photosynthesis as plants are producers. The ultimate source of energy for living beings is sunlight. The plants in presence of sunlight synthesize its food. From plants, the energy is transferred to primary consumers and secondary consumers and decomposers. The animals eating plants are called as primary consumers and animals eating primary consumers are called as secondary consumers. 

The correct answer is 'Sunlight.'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry digestion digestive glands liver pancreas

Digested lipids are absorbed from lacteals as 

  1. Triglycerides

  2. Diglycerides

  3. Monoglycerides

  4. Free fatty acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Digested lipids (fatty acids and monoglycerides) are re-esterified into triglycerides within the intestinal epithelial cells. These are then packaged into chylomicrons and absorbed into the lacteals.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Chylomicrons are __________________.

  1. Fat droplets coated with phospholipids

  2. Fat droplets coated with cholesterol and protein

  3. Undigested proteins

  4. Undigested carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

  • Fatty acids and glycerol being insoluble, cannot be absorbed into the blood. So, they are first incorporated into small droplets called micelles which move into the intestinal mucosa. 
  • They are then re-formed into very small protein coated fat globules called the chylomicrons which are transported into the lymph vessels (lacteals) in the villi. These lymph vessels ultimately release the absorbed substances into the bloodstream. Hence, chylomicrons are fat droplets coated with cholesterol and proteins.
So, the correct answer is 'fat droplets coated with cholesterol and proteins'.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Read the following fours statements (A toD) about chylomicrons?

A. Chylomicrons are produced in the lumen of small intestine
B. Chylomicron contains triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids
C. Chylomicron is protein free small vesicles
D. Chylomicron released from the lacteal% into epithelial cells
How many of the above statements are correct?

  1. Four

  2. One

  3. Two

  4. Three
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Chylomicrons are lipoprotein particles that consist of triglycerides (85–92%), phospholipids (6–12%), cholesterol (1–3%), and proteins (1–2%).They transport dietary lipids from the intestines to other locations in the body. However, they are not produced in the lumen of the small intestine rather in the epithelial cells of it. The chylomicrons produced in the epithelial cells are released into the lacteals and then get transported into the lymphatic vessels.


So the only correct choice is that chylomicron contains triglycerides, cholesterol and phospholipids . 
So the correct option is 'One'.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Amount of fat increases in the body due to excess intake of

  1. Vitamins

  2. Minerals

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Excess carbohydrates in diet are converted into glycogen and stored in liver and muscles to be used during starvation or in-between meals to maintain a constant blood glucose level. Still excess carbohydrates are converted into adipose tissue of fat and stored around visceral organs and under the skin.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

Emulsification of fats is due to 

  1. Pepsin

  2. Cholesterol

  3. Both A and B

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Bile salts (of bile) plays a very important role in the digestion of fats. As fats are insoluble in water, they enter the intestine as drops within the watery chyme. The bile salts, which are partly lipid-soluble and partly water-soluble, emulsify the fat particles and, as a result, the fat-drops acquire a greater surface area. The enzyme lipase, then acts upon these fat-drops and allows its digestion into glycerol and fatty acids. 

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption digestion in small intestine digestive glands and their secretions alimentary canal

If you have just digested triglyceride molecules, you would expect to find increased amounts of

  1. glucose

  2. nucleic acids

  3. fatty acids and glycerol

  4. amino acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Most of the fat in the human diet is in the form of triacylglycerol, which consists of three fatty acids linked to glycerol.
  • In the digestive tract,  triacylglycerol is hydrolyzed by the enzyme pancreatic lipase, to release free fatty acids and monoglycerides. Hence, If you have just digested triglyceride molecules, you would expect to find increased amounts of fatty acids and glycerol.
So, the correct answer is 'fatty acid and glycerol'.

Multiple choice evs more about organ system introduction to excretory system structures and functions related to the excretory system introduction to excretion

Fatty acids and glycerol are first absorbed by 

  1. Lymph vessels

  2. Villi

  3. Blood capillaries

  4. Hepatic portal vein
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fatty acids and glycerol are insoluble in water and are first absorbed into the lacteals, which are specialized lymph vessels found in the intestinal villi. From there, they are transported through the lymphatic system before entering the bloodstream.

Multiple choice biology digestion and absorption liver functions of the liver secretory organs

Which of the following lipoproteins in blood remove excess cholesterol from body cells and transport it to the liver for elimination ?

  1. HDL

  2. LDL

  3. VLDL

  4. Both (B) and (C)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is known as 'good cholesterol' because it transports cholesterol from tissues back to the liver for excretion or recycling.

Multiple choice

This compound helps to build muscle.

  1. carbohydrates

  2. proteins

  3. lipids

  4. nucleic acids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Proteins are essential macronutrients that play a key role in building and repairing body tissues, including muscle.