Biology · Chemistry

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry

1,009 Questions

Lipids, fats, and biochemistry explore the structure and function of biological molecules. This includes fatty acids, cholesterol, trans-fats, and cellular membranes. Questions on this topic frequently appear in science sections of competitive government exams.

Types of fats and lipidsCholesterol and human bodyFatty acidsCellular membranes

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry Questions

Multiple choice microbiology: organisms in industry option b: biotechnology and bioinformatics biology
Study the given statements and select the correct option.
i.Carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids are primary metabolites.
ii.Alkaloids, flavonoids, rubber, etc., are secondary metabolites.
iii.Linoleic, linolenic and palmitic acids are the three essential fatty acids.

  1. Statements (i)and(ii) are correct

  2. Statements (i)and(iii) are incorrect

  3. Statements (i)and(iii) are correct

  4. Only statement (ii)is incorrect
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Primary metabolites are the substances that are involved in the basic metabolic processes, this includes the proteins and carbohydrates and lipids. Plant cells have different molecules other than the primary metabolite and these are considered as secondary metabolite which is not directly involved in the metabolism.

These are considered as a waste product for the plant cell this includes alkaloids, terpenoids, pigments, essential oils.
Fatty acids are obtained by the hydrolysis of fat. Linoleic acid, linolenic acid and arachnoid acid are essential fatty acids. 
Deficiency of essential fatty acid causes follicular hyperkeratosis disease.

So, the correct option is 'Statements (i)and(ii) are correct'

Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Chilomicrons are

  1. Micelles covered by a protein coat

  2. Droplets alongwith triglycerides

  3. Triglycerides along with monosaccharides

  4. Glycerol droplets formed in intestine after digestion of fats
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Chylomicrons are essentially fat droplets (triglycerides) coated with proteins and phospholipids to make them water-soluble for transport in the lymph and blood.

Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Triglyceride metabolism to convert fats into carbohydrates is helped by glyoxylate cycle. The organelle responsible for this is found in

  1. Rice seeds

  2. Caster seeds

  3. Wheat seeds

  4. More than one option is correct
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The glyoxalate cycle converts the fats into carbohydrates. This takes place in the organelles which are known as peroxisomes.

the lipids that are present in the cell are used to make energy.
This is found in many plants. This cycle is essential for seed germination.
So, the correct option is 'More than one option is correct'

Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

State whether the following statements are true or false.
Lacteals absorb digested fat in the form of chylomicrons.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A lacteal is a lymphatic capillary that absorbs dietary fats in the villi of the small intestine. Triglycerides are emulsified by bile and hydrolyzed by the enzyme lipase, resulting in a mixture of fatty acids and monoglycerides. These chylomicrons then pass into the lacteals, forming a milky substance known as chyle.

So, the correct option is 'True'.

Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

Main difference between brown fat and white fat is that the cells of brown fat

  1. Are multicoloured

  2. Have more mitochondria

  3. Are polygonal in shape

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Brown fat cells are specialized for thermogenesis and contain a high density of mitochondria, which give the tissue its characteristic brown color. White fat cells primarily store energy and have fewer mitochondria.

Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

The most abundant lipid in the cell membrane is:-

  1. Cutin

  2. Phospholipid

  3. Glycolipid

  4. steroid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The most abundant lipid present in the cell membrane is phospholipids.
  • The cell membrane is called lipid bilayer as it is a double layer membrane made up of phospholipids. 
  • Phospholipids consist of a polar head group and non-polar fatty acid tails. 
  • The arrangement of these phospholipids in the cell membrane makes the cell membrane permeable.
  • The correct answer is OPTION B.
Multiple choice evs nutritious food minerals and vitamins nutrition and diet role of various nutrients

A pound of butter contains more usable energy than a
pound of sugar for a human because

  1. Sugar contains much more water than butter

  2. A fat molecule has more carbon-hydrogen bonds than a

    sugar molecule

  3. The butter is an animal product, where as the sugar is a

    Plant Product

  4. There is much more waste in digestion and absorption

    of sugar than of butter
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A pound of butter contains more usable energy than a pound of sugar for a human because a fat molecule has more carbon-hydrogen bonds than a sugar molecule. Butter contains fat molecules and sugar contains carbohydrates. Fat molecule have low ratio of oxygen and hydrogen comparison to carbohydrates and they have more carbon-hydrogen bonds than carbohydrates.

Multiple choice biology food for health fats fats and their test different nutrients in food

The ultimate source of energy in human beings is

  1. Fats

  2. Carbohydrates

  3. Proteins

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fats are broken down into free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides which can produce ATP through chemical reactions.

Fatty acids either circulate in the blood or are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue and muscle.
Fat is a very energy dense nutrient, one gram of it provides nine calories of energy. 
Despite the large quantity of available energy that fat has it provides this energy at a much slower rate than carbohydrate. This is because the chemical reactions required for its breakdown are much more complex and time consuming. 

Multiple choice biology food for health fats fats and their test different nutrients in food

Saturated fat is

  1. Solid at room temperature

  2. Has fatty acids with no double bonds between the carbon atoms

  3. Is of animal origin.

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Saturated fats are simply fat molecules that have no double bonds between carbon molecules because they are saturated with hydrogen molecules. These are typically solid at room temperature and are found in animals.

So the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Multiple choice biology food for health fats fats and their test different nutrients in food

Carotenoids are composed of units called as

  1. Fatty acids

  2. Amino acids

  3. Isoprene

  4. Pyran
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Carotenoids are organic pigments that are found in the chloroplasts and chromoplasts of plants and some other photosynthetic organisms, including some bacteria and some fungi. Carotenoids can be produced from fats and other basic organic metabolic building blocks by all these organisms. All carotenoids are tetraterpenoids, meaning that they are produced from 8 isoprene molecules and contain 40 carbon atoms.

Multiple choice biology food for health fats fats and their test different nutrients in food

Neutral fats are different from carbohydrates in which of the following manners? 

  1. Neutral fats have more oxygen atoms than carbon atoms are compared to carbohydrate

  2. Neutral fats have fewer oxygen atoms than carbon atoms as compared to carbohydrates

  3. Neutral fats do not have oxygen atoms but carbohydrates contain oxygen atoms but carbohydrates contain oxygen atom

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Neutral fats (triglycerides) have a significantly higher proportion of carbon and hydrogen compared to oxygen than carbohydrates do. Carbohydrates generally have a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen, while fats are much more oxygen poor.