Biology · Chemistry

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry

1,130 Questions

Lipids, fats, and biochemistry explore the structure and function of biological molecules. This includes fatty acids, cholesterol, trans-fats, and cellular membranes. Questions on this topic frequently appear in science sections of competitive government exams.

Types of fats and lipidsCholesterol and human bodyFatty acidsCellular membranes

Lipids, Fats, and Biochemistry Questions

Multiple choice biology cell and cell organelles cell membrane and cell wall cell wall cell division in embryo development

Which of the following statement is INCORRECT regarding biological membrane?

  1. It is composed of lipids and proteins

  2. Peripheral proteins are loosely associated with the membrane

  3. Integral proteins span the lipid bilayer

  4. Lipids and membrane proteins do not provide structural and functional asymmetry
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Biological membranes are highly asymmetric in both lipid composition and protein distribution, which is essential for their functional diversity.

Multiple choice biology cell and cell organelles cell membrane and cell wall cell wall cell division in embryo development

Lipids are arranged within the membrane with ________.

  1. polar heads toward inner side and the hydrophobic tails toward outerside

  2. both heads and tails toward outerside

  3. heads toward outerside and tail towards inside

  4. both heads and tails toward innerside
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
In lipid bilayer, lipids are arranged with the polar head towards the outer side and the hydrophobic/ non-polar tails towards the inner side.
Therefore the correct option is C. 
Multiple choice hunger and dehydration from tasting to digestion digestion of food digestion evs
Instantaneous source of energy is

  1. Proteins

  2. Fats

  3. Nucleic acids

  4. Glucose
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Glucose is a monomer that after ingestion, does not gets digested and directly gets absorbed and converted into energy. Therefore, glucose is an instantaneous source of energy.

Protein, Fats, and Nucleic acid don't get directly converted into energy. So, they are not the instantaneous source of energy. 
So, the correct option is (D).

Multiple choice evs deficiency diseases need for nutrients nutrients needed by the body balanced diet and malnutrition food for health nutrition and its deficiency nutrition and its need

What does an inorganic compounds contain?

  1. Sodium Chloride

  2. Nutrients

  3. Oil

  4. Fats
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a classic example of an inorganic compound, as it is an ionic salt lacking carbon-hydrogen bonds. Oil, fats, and nutrients (like proteins/carbohydrates) are organic compounds.

Multiple choice evs deficiency diseases need for nutrients nutrients needed by the body balanced diet and malnutrition food for health nutrition and its deficiency nutrition and its need

During prolonged fasting, the sequence of organic compounds used by body is 

  1. Carbohydrates, fats, proteins

  2. Fats, carbohydrates, proteins

  3. Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids

  4. Proteins, lipids, carbohydrates
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The body burns fat after first exhausting the contents of the digestive tract along with glycogen (carbohydrates) reserves stored in muscle and liver cells. During short periods of energy abstinence, the human body will burn primarily free fatty acids from body fat stores. After prolonged periods of starvation when the body has depleted its body fat, it begins to burn lean tissue and muscle (protein) as a fuel source.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Study the given statement and select the correct answer  

  1. Lipids are micromolecules but obtained under-macromolecular fraction due to their insoluble nature in aquous medium of a cell.

  2. water is the most aboundant chemical in living organism

  3. First respiratory substrate = Lipid

  4. DIhydroxy acetone occur in d and I form.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lipids are technically micromolecules (low molecular weight), but they are extracted in the acid-insoluble fraction because they form vesicles that precipitate with cell debris.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Identify the statement which is incorrect about absorption of lipids.

  1. The lipids are absorbed in laymp capillaries present with the villi

  2. From the micelles ,fatty acids and glycerol are absorbed into the intestinal cells by active transport

  3. Micelles are formed with the help of bile salts and phospholipids in intestinal lumen

  4. The lacteals after absorption of lipids contains chyle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

........... prevents the rupturing of lysosomal membrane.

  1. Cholesterol

  2. Vit. A

  3. Testosterone

  4. UV rays
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Vitamin A, testosterone and UV rays induce lysis of lysosomal membrane under acidic pH which makes options B, C and D incorrect. Cholesterol exhibit scavenging effect on free radicals as well as prevent osmotic rupture of lysosomal membrane which makes option A correct answer. 

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

The energy storing molecules in animals are
I. Glucose
II. Glycogen
III. Lipid
IV. Protein

  1. I and II

  2. II and III

  3. I, II and III

  4. II, III and IV

  5. I, II, III and Iv
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Glycogen is also homopolysaccharide of D-glucose and serves as an energy storing molecule in animals as glucose as storage material can increase the osmotic pressure of storage cell enormously. Proteins do not serve as energy storage molecule. Fat and oil are storage lipids and are derivatives of hydrocarbon that produce enormous energy upon oxidation. Thus, the correct answer is B.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Which of the following derived lipids helps in emulsifications and encapsulation?

  1. Lecithins

  2. Cephalins

  3. Carotenoids

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Lecithin is a group of yellow-brownish fatty substances present in animal and plant tissues.In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used in emulsifications and encapsulation of drugs and is a good dispersing agent. Thus the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

The phospholipid which is mainly found in the white matter of brain and spinal chord is 

  1. Lecithins

  2. Cephalins

  3. Waxes

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Phosphatidylethanolamines are phospholipids found in all living cells, They are found mainly in the nervous tissue such as the white matter of the brain, nerves, neural tissue and in the spinal cord. 

So, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Which of the following lipid is mainly used for membrane biogenesis?

  1. Carotenoids

  2. Terpenes

  3. Phospholipids

  4. Glycolipids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Membrane biogenesis is structuring/rebuilding/repairing of the cell membrane. As the cell membrane is made of a bilayer of phospholipids embedded with proteins.It is a process carried out by the cell with the help of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and Golgi apparatus (GA). Where the SER synthesizes lipids which are added with phosphate group and modified to phospholipids by the process of phosphorylation in the GA and transported through vesicles to the cell membrane.

So, the correct answer is 'Phospholipids'

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Which of the following lipid act as a precursor of bile acids, Vitamin D and steroids?

  1. Phosphoglycerides

  2. Cholesterol

  3. Phospholipids

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

De novo synthesis of cholesterol from acetyl-CoA takes place in the liver. Cholesterol is an essential metabolite for the normal functioning of the endocrine system, regulation of cell membrane processes, and absorption of dietary lipids. They are important structural components of membranes. Cholesterol also serves as precursor for the synthesis of steroid hormones, vitamin D, and bile salts which are important in fat absorption from the small intestine into the blood circulatory system and secretion of liver waste products through feces. Thus the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Prostaglandins are made from

  1. Steroid

  2. Carbohydrate

  3. Amino acid

  4. Fatty acid
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid. It is present in the phospholipids and helps in the formation of membranes. It is the most abundant fatty acid in the brain. It is a precursor for the synthesis of prostaglandins. The prostaglandins synthesized is PG$ _2$. They are autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators that act upon platelets, endothelium, uterine and mast cells. 
So, the correct answer is option D.
Multiple choice bio-chemistry lipids functions of lipids biomolecules: chemical constituents of living cells biochemistry

Prostaglandins synthesized from

  1. Amino acids

  2. Fatty acids

  3. Carbohydrates

  4. Steroids
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
Prostaglandins are synthesized by arachidonic acid. Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated omega-6 fatty acid. It is present in the phospholipids and helps in the formation of membranes. 
The prostaglandins synthesized is PG$ _2$. They are autocrine and paracrine lipid mediators that act upon platelets, endothelium, uterine and mast cells. It belongs to a class of fatty acid derivative.
So, the correct answer is option B.