Law Legal Studies

Labour and Industrial Relations

1,497 Questions

Labour and Industrial Relations involves the study of employment laws, workers unions, and workplace dynamics. This page features practice questions on critical topics such as equal pay, gratuity, overtime, and labor disputes. These questions are essential for law entrance exams and competitive tests.

Employment contractsTrade unionsWage discriminationIndustrial disputesOvertime payWorkplace safety

Labour and Industrial Relations Questions

Multiple choice

Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 applies to every establishment/ contractor in which _______ workmen are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months as contract labour.

  1. 10 or more

  2. 15

  3. 20 or more

  4. 25 or more
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(3) Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 applies to every establishment/ contractor in which twenty or more workmen are employed or were employed on any day of the preceding twelve months as contract labour.

Multiple choice

Unfair labour practices mean any of the practices specified in the

  1. Fourth Schedule of the Industrial Disputes Act

  2. Fifth Schedule of the Industrial Disputes Act

  3. Sixth Schedule of the Industrial Disputes Act

  4. Third Schedule of the Industrial Disputes Act
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) Unfair labour practices mean any of the practices specified in the Fifth Schedule of the Industrial Disputes Act.

Multiple choice

As per Payment of Wages Act, 1936, in railway factory or industrial or other establishment upon or in which less than one thousand persons are employed, wages shall be paid before the expiry of the

  1. seventh day of the month

  2. tenth day of the month

  3. third day of the month

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(1) As per Payment of Wages Act, 1936, in railway factory or industrial or other establishment upon or in which less than one thousand persons are employed, wages shall be paid before the expiry of the seventh day of the month.

Multiple choice

Lockout is

  1. for trade reasons

  2. an act on the part of employer taken to coerce or pressurise the labour

  3. not an intentional act

  4. not concerned with industrial dispute
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) A lockout is generally used to enforce terms of employment upon a group of employees during a dispute. A lockout can act to force unionized workers to accept changed conditions such as lower wages.

Multiple choice

The Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 protects the interest of workers in contingencies, such as

I. sickness II. maternity III. temporary or permanent physical disablement IV. death due to employment injury, resulting in loss of wages or earning capacity

  1. I only

  2. II only

  3. I, III and IV

  4. I, II, III and IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) The Employees’ State Insurance Act, 1948 protects the interest of workers in contingencies like sickness, maternity, temporary or permanent physical disablement and death due to employment injury resulting in loss of wages or earning capacity.

Multiple choice

The Industrial Disput Act, 1947 aims at

  1. providing social security benefits to the workmen

  2. regulating conditions of work in industries

  3. investigation and settlement of industrial disputes

  4. regulating the employment of women during certain periods
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) The objective of the Industrial Disputes Act is to secure industrial peace and harmony by providing machinery and procedure for the investigation and settlement of industrial disputes by negotiations.

Multiple choice

In order to entitle the workmen to wages for the period of strike, the strike should be legal as well as justified. The above principle was laid down in which of the following case by the apex court?

  1. Crompton Greaves v/s The workmen AIR 1978 SC

  2. Ballarpur collieries v/s CGIT Dhanbad AIR 1972 SC

  3. Management of India Radiatiors Ltd. and another v/s presiding officer and another AIR 2003 II LLJ (Mad)

  4. Workmen of Motor Industries Co. Ltd. v/s Management of Motor Industires Co. Ltd. AIR 1969 SC
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(1) The above principle was laid down in one of the following case by the apex court in Crompton Greaves v/s The workmen AIR 1978 SC.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a duty of works committee under the Industrial Disputes Act?

  1. To promote measures for securing and preserving amity and good relations between the employees and workmen.

  2. To form groups among workmen and strengthen mediation between employer and employee.

  3. To achieve the object, it is their duty to comment upon matter of common interest or concern of employers and workmen.

  4. To endeavour to compose any material difference of opinion in respect of matters of common interest or concern between employers and workmen.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) Forming groups among workmen and strengthening mediation between employer and employee is not the duty of works committee under the Industrial Disputes Act.

Multiple choice

Which of the following does not relate to “industrial dispute”?

  1. Dispute or difference connected with employment of labour

  2. Dispute or difference connected with non-employment of labour

  3. Dispute or difference connected with the terms of employment or with the conditions of labour

  4. Dispute or difference connected with the election of a trade union
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) According to Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, the term ‘industrial dispute’ means any dispute or difference between employers and employers or between employers and workmen, or between workmen and workmen, which is connected with the employment or non- employment or the terms of employment and conditions of employment of any person.

Multiple choice

Choose the correct statements on industrial dispute:

I. Industrial dispute will subsist inspite of closure of industry. II. An industrial dispute can arise when a demand is made by a workman and denied by the employer. III. Once a dispute is referred for adjudication, the presumption is that it is an industrial dispute. IV. Employer’s failure to keep his verbal assurances is an industrial dispute.

  1. I and II are correct.

  2. II and III are correct.

  3. III and IV are correct.

  4. I, II and III are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

I. Industrial dispute will subsist inspite of closure of industry. II. An industrial dispute can arise when a demand is made by a workman and denied by the employer. III. Once a dispute is referred for adjudication, the presumption is that it is an industrial dispute are correct. 

Multiple choice

Layoff means

  1. removing a workman

  2. retirement of a workman

  3. dismissing a workman

  4. inability of employer to provide work to a workman
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) Layoff means suspension or termination of employment with or without notice by the employer or management. Layoffs are not caused by any fault of the employees, but by reasons such as lack of work, cash or material.