Law Legal Studies

Labour and Industrial Relations

1,460 Questions

Labour and Industrial Relations involves the study of employment laws, workers unions, and workplace dynamics. This page features practice questions on critical topics such as equal pay, gratuity, overtime, and labor disputes. These questions are essential for law entrance exams and competitive tests.

Employment contractsTrade unionsWage discriminationIndustrial disputesOvertime payWorkplace safety

Labour and Industrial Relations Questions

Multiple choice

The Industrial Disput Act, 1947 aims at

  1. providing social security benefits to the workmen

  2. regulating conditions of work in industries

  3. investigation and settlement of industrial disputes

  4. regulating the employment of women during certain periods
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) The objective of the Industrial Disputes Act is to secure industrial peace and harmony by providing machinery and procedure for the investigation and settlement of industrial disputes by negotiations.

Multiple choice

In order to entitle the workmen to wages for the period of strike, the strike should be legal as well as justified. The above principle was laid down in which of the following case by the apex court?

  1. Crompton Greaves v/s The workmen AIR 1978 SC

  2. Ballarpur collieries v/s CGIT Dhanbad AIR 1972 SC

  3. Management of India Radiatiors Ltd. and another v/s presiding officer and another AIR 2003 II LLJ (Mad)

  4. Workmen of Motor Industries Co. Ltd. v/s Management of Motor Industires Co. Ltd. AIR 1969 SC
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(1) The above principle was laid down in one of the following case by the apex court in Crompton Greaves v/s The workmen AIR 1978 SC.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not a duty of works committee under the Industrial Disputes Act?

  1. To promote measures for securing and preserving amity and good relations between the employees and workmen.

  2. To form groups among workmen and strengthen mediation between employer and employee.

  3. To achieve the object, it is their duty to comment upon matter of common interest or concern of employers and workmen.

  4. To endeavour to compose any material difference of opinion in respect of matters of common interest or concern between employers and workmen.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) Forming groups among workmen and strengthening mediation between employer and employee is not the duty of works committee under the Industrial Disputes Act.

Multiple choice

Which of the following does not relate to “industrial dispute”?

  1. Dispute or difference connected with employment of labour

  2. Dispute or difference connected with non-employment of labour

  3. Dispute or difference connected with the terms of employment or with the conditions of labour

  4. Dispute or difference connected with the election of a trade union
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) According to Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, the term ‘industrial dispute’ means any dispute or difference between employers and employers or between employers and workmen, or between workmen and workmen, which is connected with the employment or non- employment or the terms of employment and conditions of employment of any person.

Multiple choice

Choose the correct statements on industrial dispute:

I. Industrial dispute will subsist inspite of closure of industry. II. An industrial dispute can arise when a demand is made by a workman and denied by the employer. III. Once a dispute is referred for adjudication, the presumption is that it is an industrial dispute. IV. Employer’s failure to keep his verbal assurances is an industrial dispute.

  1. I and II are correct.

  2. II and III are correct.

  3. III and IV are correct.

  4. I, II and III are correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

I. Industrial dispute will subsist inspite of closure of industry. II. An industrial dispute can arise when a demand is made by a workman and denied by the employer. III. Once a dispute is referred for adjudication, the presumption is that it is an industrial dispute are correct. 

Multiple choice

Layoff means

  1. removing a workman

  2. retirement of a workman

  3. dismissing a workman

  4. inability of employer to provide work to a workman
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) Layoff means suspension or termination of employment with or without notice by the employer or management. Layoffs are not caused by any fault of the employees, but by reasons such as lack of work, cash or material. 

Multiple choice

A strike means

  1. mere cessation of work

  2. cessation of work under common understanding

  3. cessation of work coupled with gherao of management

  4. slowing down the production

  5. All of above

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(3) A refusal to work, organised by a body of employees as a form of protest, typically in an attempt to gain a concession or concessions from their employer. In other words, a strike means cessation of work coupled with gherao of management.

Multiple choice

Assertion (A): Strike is the stoppage of work by a body of persons employed in any service, acting in combination. Reason (R): Combined work is service oriented.

  1. Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is correct explanation of (A).

  2. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not correct explanation of (A).

  3. Both (A) and (R) are false.

  4. (A) is true, but (R) is false.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Strike is one of the oldest and the most effective weapons of labour in its struggle, with capital for securing economic justice. The basic strength of a strike lies in the labour’s privilege to quit work and thus, brings a forced readjustment to the conditions of employment. Combined work can never be taken as service oriented.

Multiple choice

A premises including precincts thereof is a ‘factory’ within the meaning of the Factories Act, 1948 wherein a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power and where the number of workers working is

  1. 10 or more

  2. 20 or more

  3. 15 or more

  4. 50 or more
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) A premises including precincts thereof is a ‘factory’ within the meaning of the Factories Act, 1948 wherein a manufacturing process is being carried on without the aid of power and where the number of workers working is 50 or more.

Multiple choice

Directions: Choose the nearest meaning to the word in bold.

Illegal immigrants have become a source of cheap labour for exploitative employers.

  1. those who facilitate illegal immigration

  2. those who have no morals

  3. those who take benefit of others

  4. those who buy and sell illegal things
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Exploitative employers are those who take unfair advantage of others, particularly vulnerable workers like illegal immigrants, by paying low wages and providing poor working conditions. The word refers to utilizing someone or something selfishly for profit.

Multiple choice

“Works Committee under the Industrial Disputes Act should be substituted by an ‘Industrial Relations Committee’ to promote in-house dispute settlement.” This recommendation was made by

  1. Royal Commission on Labour

  2. National Commission on Labour, 1969

  3. National Commission on Labour, 2002

  4. National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This recommendation was made by National Commission on Labour, 2002.

Multiple choice

Who is a protected workman under the Industrial Disputes Act? Answer using the codes given below.

  1. A workman who is a member of a registered Trade Union
  2. Recognised by the Registrar of the Trade Union as protected workman
  3. A workman who is a member of the Executive or other office bearer of a registered Trade Union connected with the establishment
  4. Recognised as protected workman under the rules applicable to the establishment

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 2 and 4

  3. 3 and 4

  4. 1 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A workman who is a member of the Executive or other office bearer of a registered Trade Union connected with the establishment and recognised as protected workman under the rules applicable to the establishment is protected workman under the Industrial Disputes Act.