Labour and Industrial Relations

A piece rate system is wherein the worker is paid a amount equal to the number of units he/she produces. For example if a worker is paid Rs.20 per unit and the worker produces 10 units. The worker will get paid a total of Rs.200 for producing the 10 units. 

The labor helps in the production of goods and services by providing the required skills and knowledge. And in return for this input in the production process, they demand something in return in the form of monetary benefits. The money or price given to them is thus called salaries and wages.  

Workers' compensation is a form of insurance providing wage replacement and medical benefits to employees injured in the course of employment.

Child labor laws were enacted to regulate the employment of minors, specifically limiting their working hours and the types of jobs they could perform to ensure their safety and education.

A strike is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work, usually organized by a labor union to protest unfair treatment or demand better conditions.

Blue collar refers to working-class jobs that involve manual labor. White collar refers to office or professional work.

Labor unions were formed by workers to collectively bargain for better wages, reasonable hours, and safer working conditions.

There is still a big difference in the number of men and omen educated. Equal and free education to girls will reduce this imbalance. 

Current weekly status is a approach used to measure unemployment under which the data of seven days preceding the date of survey is used; and a person is said to be employed if he or she is employed for at least one hour on any one day of the week in consideration.

Goods sent for job work remain the property of the principal; therefore, they are not included in the aggregate turnover of the job worker, who only provides a service.

Primary sector of an economy deals with the production of raw materials and basic foods. Examples of primary sector are: agriculture, mining, forestry, etc. Under-developed countries mainly depends on primary activities for the employment opportunities.

The Turkish Labor Act of 2003 defines the standard workweek as 45 hours. This is the legal maximum for regular working hours before overtime applies.

Turkish labor regulations generally require a ratio of 5 Turkish citizens to be employed for every 1 foreign worker to ensure local employment protection.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, various government support schemes were introduced, including short-term work allowances that provided partial wage coverage for employees whose hours were reduced.