Law Legal Studies

Labour and Industrial Relations

1,497 Questions

Labour and Industrial Relations involves the study of employment laws, workers unions, and workplace dynamics. This page features practice questions on critical topics such as equal pay, gratuity, overtime, and labor disputes. These questions are essential for law entrance exams and competitive tests.

Employment contractsTrade unionsWage discriminationIndustrial disputesOvertime payWorkplace safety

Labour and Industrial Relations Questions

Multiple choice commercial applications industrial relations, trade unions and social security need for an eco-friendly form of industrial development objectives, causes and methods towards industrial relations industrial pollution and degradation of environment

As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 retrenchment does not include:
(1)Voluntary Retirement
(2)Retirement on reaching the age of superannuation
(3)Termination by non renewal of contract of employment
(4)Termination of employment on grounds of ill health.

  1. (1) and (2)

  2. (1) and (3)

  3. (2) and (3)

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 retrenchment does not include -
(1)Voluntary Retirement
(2)Retirement on reaching the age of superannuation
(3)Termination by non renewal of contract of employment
(4)Termination of employment on grounds of ill health
Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 is applicable to whole of India. This act came into force from 1 April,1947. This act helps to regulate Indian labour law. It also looks after the concerns related to trade unions.

Multiple choice commercial applications industrial relations, trade unions and social security need for an eco-friendly form of industrial development objectives, causes and methods towards industrial relations industrial pollution and degradation of environment

_______ is an act on the part of the employers to close down the place of work until the workers agree to resume the work on the terms and conditions specified by the employers.

  1. Gherao

  2. Lock-out

  3. Picketing

  4. General strike
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Lock-out is an act on the part of the employers to close down the place of work until the workers agree to resume the work on the terms and conditions specified by the employers. A lock-out can be defined s a temporary work stoppage due to labour disputes.

Multiple choice commercial applications industrial relations, trade unions and social security need for an eco-friendly form of industrial development objectives, causes and methods towards industrial relations industrial pollution and degradation of environment

As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, an employer must give__________ days notice before changes in service condition.

  1. 7

  2. 14

  3. 21

  4. 28
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947, an employer must give 21 days notice before changes in service condition. Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 is applicable to whole of India. This act came into force from 1 April,1947. This act helps to regulate Indian labour law. It also looks after the concerns related to trade unions.

Multiple choice commercial applications industrial relations, trade unions and social security need for an eco-friendly form of industrial development objectives, causes and methods towards industrial relations industrial pollution and degradation of environment

As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 layoff can be declared for following reason (s):
1. Shortage of coal, power
2. Breakdown of machinery
3. Natural calamity
4. Shortage of raw material

  1. 1 and 2

  2. 1 and 3

  3. 2 and 3

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Industrial Dispute Act, 1947 is applicable to whole of India. This act came into force from 1 April,1947. This act helps to regulate Indian labour law. It also looks after the concerns related to trade unions. As per the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 layoff can be declared for following reasons:
1. Shortage of coal, power
2. Breakdown of machinery
3. Natural calamity
4. Shortage of raw material.

Multiple choice commercial applications industrial relations, trade unions and social security need for an eco-friendly form of industrial development objectives, causes and methods towards industrial relations industrial pollution and degradation of environment

Under _____ employees adopt go-slow tactics to put pressure on the employers.

  1. Sit Down Strike

  2. Sympathetic Strike

  3. Slow Down Strike

  4. Economic Strike
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Under slow-down strike employees adopt go-slow tactics to put pressure on the employers. Slow-down strike can be defined as a form of protests from the employees where the employees deliberately perform inefficiently to reduce the output of the firm.

Multiple choice commercial studies industrial relations, trade unions and social security concept, scope and social security in india concept of social security insurance - introduction and importance

_______ is paid to the workers who fulfill certain eligibility conditions like a minimum qualifying service period of five years.

  1. Pension

  2. Gratuity

  3. Salary

  4. Interest
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Gratuity is a type of after service payment to the employees who have fulfilled certain conditions of the job. According to the Payment of the Gratuity Act, 1972 the maximum amount of gratuity which can be paid to a employee is 10 lakh rupees of any establishment or corporate unit be it is private or public only after completion of a qualifying service of 5 years.

Multiple choice commercial studies industrial relations, trade unions and social security concept, scope and social security in india concept of social security insurance - introduction and importance

The contribution paid by the employer is ___ of basic wages plus dearness allowance plus retaining allowance.

  1. 6%

  2. 7%

  3. 12%(in case of more than 20 employees ) 10% (in case of less than 20 employees)

  4. 11%
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The contribution paid by the employer is 12%(in case of more than 20 employees) 10% (in case of less than 20 employees) of basic wages plus dearness allowance plus retaining allowance, according to the EPFO rules.  The contribution of both employer and employee is limited to 10% only.

Multiple choice commercial studies industrial relations, trade unions and social security concept, scope and social security in india concept of social security insurance - introduction and importance

_______ allows for payment of gratuity to employees in any establishment, factory, mine, oilfield, plantation, port, railways, company, or shop employing 10 or more workers.

  1. Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972

  2. EPF Act 1969

  3. Employee Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1953

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Gratuity is a type of after service payment to the employees who have fulfilled certain conditions of the job. According to the Payment of the Gratuity Act, 1972 the maximum amount of gratuity which can be paid to a employee is 10 lakh rupees of any establishment or corporate unit be it is private or public only after completion of a qualifying service of 5 years.
Multiple choice commercial studies industrial relations, trade unions and social security concept, scope and social security in india concept of social security insurance - introduction and importance

______ refers to protection provided by the society to its members against providential mishaps over which a person has no control.

  1. Pension

  2. Gratuity

  3. Social security

  4. Salary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Social security refers to protection provided by the society to its members against providential mishaps over which a person has no control. Social security schemes are only available to the the employees of the organized sector of India. Unorganized sector in India does not have an opportunity to participate in the social security scheme offered in India.

Multiple choice objectives, functions and problems and measures fortrade unions industrial relations, trade unions and social security commercial studies

Which of the following cannot be said to be a trade union in true sense?

  1. Craft Union

  2. Industrial Union

  3. Company Union

  4. Federation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Company Union cannot be said to be a trade union since trade union is established for the specific purpose of advancing and protecting the interests of its members or workers in their working relationship. Trade unions are voluntary associations which aim towards common goals.

Multiple choice objectives, functions and problems and measures fortrade unions industrial relations, trade unions and social security commercial studies

Under which of the following situations may a union refuse to admit a person or expel a member?

  1. Because of their current state of health.

  2. Because of misconduct.

  3. Because they do not feel that they are a suitable member.

  4. Because of their financial means.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Because of misconduct a union refuse to admit a person or expel a member. A union has the right to refuse to admit or expel a member if that person does not maintain a proper conduct.

Multiple choice objectives, functions and problems and measures fortrade unions industrial relations, trade unions and social security commercial studies

What is/are the measure(s) that can be adopted to strengthen Trade Union in India?

  1. Maintaining Unity

  2. Freedom from Political influence

  3. Welfare Activities for Workers

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The measures that can be adopted to strengthen Trade Union in India are:a) Maintaining Unity
b) Freedom from Political influence
c) Welfare Activities for Workers
Trade union is established for the specific purpose of advancing and protecting the interests of its members or workers in their working relationship.
Multiple choice objectives, functions and problems and measures fortrade unions industrial relations, trade unions and social security commercial studies

It is now high time for trade unions to assume the responsibility of inculcating in the workers, a sense of discipline and responsibility to perform their jobs satisfactorily. Which of the following justifies the statement?

  1. Adequacy of funds

  2. Worker's education

  3. Welfare activities for workers

  4. Freedom from political influence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is now high time for trade unions to assume the responsibility of inculcating in the workers, a sense of discipline and responsibility to perform their jobs satisfactorily- Worker's education justifies the statement.Trade union is established for the specific purpose of advancing and protecting the interests of its members or workers in their working relationship.

Multiple choice objectives, functions and problems and measures fortrade unions industrial relations, trade unions and social security commercial studies

A person who has attained the age of 10 years can be a member of a registered trade union subject to any rules of the trade union.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A person who has attained the age of 10 years can be a member of a registered trade union subject to any rules of the trade union- this is a false statement. The minimum age required to be a member of trade union is 15 years. However for being a office bearer a person needs to be above 18 years of age.

Multiple choice objectives, functions and problems and measures fortrade unions industrial relations, trade unions and social security commercial studies

What is meant by the term collective bargaining?

  1. A process by which a union negotiates with suppliers for the provision of e.g. office furniture.

  2. A process by which a union negotiates with an employer on behalf of its members on matters concerning the terms and conditions of employment.

  3. A process by which a union recruits new members.

  4. A process by which a union meets with another union to discuss recruitment.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A process by which a union negotiates with an employer on behalf of its members on matters concerning the terms and conditions of employment. is termed as collective bargaining. Collective bargaining can be defined as the technique by which dispute as to conditions of employment is resolved by agreement rather than coercion.