Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,814 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice

President of district forum is

  1. collector of the district

  2. a person who is qualified as advocate

  3. a person who is qualified to be a district judge

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(3) President of district forum is a person who is qualified to be a district judge.

Multiple choice

Administrative tribunals are created by

  1. legislation

  2. common law

  3. administrative agencies

  4. precedents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(1) Administrative tribunals are specialised governmental agencies established under federal or provincial legislation to implement legislative policy.

Multiple choice

The decision of a board or commission

  1. may automatically be appealed to a higher level agency

  2. may automatically be appealed through the court system

  3. can never be appealed

  4. may, in limited circumstances, be appealed through the process of judicial review in the court system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) The decision of a board or commission may be appealed through judicial review.

Multiple choice

Under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, “court”

  1. does not include a High Court in exercise of its ordinary original civil jurisdiction

  2. includes the court of small causes

  3. includes any civil court at the district

  4. means the principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction in a district
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) Under Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, “court” means the principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction in a district.

Multiple choice

Who among the following lawyers are not prohibited from practicing law?

  1. Lawyers who were appointed as the Chairman and members of the Constitutional Commission

  2. Lawyers connected with the office of the Solicitor General

  3. Lawyers who are elected as Senators or Congressmen

  4. Lawyers who were appointed to the Judiciary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) Lawyers who were appointed to the Judiciary are not prohibited from practicing law.

Multiple choice

The power of the SC to regulate the practice of law includes all of the following, except

  1. prescribe the qualification of a candidate

  2. decide who will be admitted to practice

  3. discipline, suspend or disbar any member unfit and unworthy of bar

  4. exercise overall supervision of the legal profession including lawyers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) The power of the SC to regulate the practise of law does not include exercise overall supervision of the legal profession including lawyers.

Multiple choice

In which of the following cases was it observed by the Supreme court that precedent should not be petrified nor judicial dicta divorced from the socio-economic mores of the age?

  1. Mamleshwar Vs. Kanahaiya Lal

  2. Bengal Immunity Company Ltd. Vs. State of Bihar

  3. State of West Bengal Vs. Corporation of Calcutta

  4. K. C. Dora Vs. G. Annamanaidu
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In Bengal Immunity Company Ltd. Vs. State of Bihar, it was observed by the Supreme Court that precedent should not be petrified nor judicial dicta divorced from the socio-economic mores of the age. 

Multiple choice

Arrange the following cases in the chronological order on the basis of the year in which they have been decided by the Supreme Court on Public Trust doctrine under Environment law. Answer using the codes given below:

I. M. C. Mehta Vs. Kamal Nath II. M. I. Builders Pvt. Ltd. Vs. Radhey Shyam Sahu III. Hinch Lal Tiwari Vs. Kamala Devi IV. Intellectual Forum, Thirupathi Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh

  1. IV, III, I, II

  2. III, II, IV, I

  3. III, I, IV, II

  4. I, II, III, IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

I.     M. C. Mehta Vs. Kamal Nath, 1996 II.    M. I. Builders Pvt. Ltd. Vs. Radhey Shyam Sahu, 1999 III.   Hinch Lal Tiwari Vs. Kamala Devi, 2001 IV.  Intellectual Forum, Thirupathi Vs. State of Andhra Pradesh, 2006

Multiple choice

Who among the following judges remarked in ‘Golaknath Vs. State of Punjab’ that ‘Preamble to the Constitution contains in a nutshell its ideals and aspirations’?

  1. Justice V. R. Krishna Iyer

  2. Justice K. Subba Rao

  3. Justice A. N. Ray

  4. Justice H. R. Khanna
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Justice K. Subba Rao remarked in ‘Golaknath Vs. State of Punjab’ that ‘Preamble to the Constitution contains in a nutshell its ideals and aspirations’.

Multiple choice

In which among the following cases does the Supreme Court decide that the right of eligible employees to be considered for promotion is virtually a part of the fundamental right of employees?

  1. Union of India Vs. Hemraj Singh Chauhan

  2. Supreme Court Employees Association Vs. Union of India

  3. John Vallamattam Vs. Union of India

  4. St. Stephens College Vs. University of Delhi
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The right of eligible employees to be considered for promotion is virtually a part of their fundamental right guaranteed under Article 16 (Equality of opportunity in matter of public employment) of the Constitution, a bench comprising Justices R. V. Raveendran and A. K. Ganguly held in a recent judgement, Union of India Vs. Hemraj Singh Chauhan.

Multiple choice

In Vishram Singh Raghubanshi Vs. State of Uttar Pradesh (AIR2011 SC2275), the court held that

  1. it is the duty of superior courts to protect the reputation of judicial officers of subordinate courts

  2. procedure be laid down in the appointment of officers of subordinate courts

  3. procedure be laid down in the salaries and service conditions of the judicial officers of the lower judiciary

  4. the judges of the High Court be transferred
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The superior courts have a duty to protect the reputation of judicial officers of subordinate courts, taking note of the growing tendency of maligning the reputation of judicial officers by unscrupulous practising advocates who either fail to secure desired orders or do not succeed in browbeating for achieving ulterior purpose.

Multiple choice

'Reference' under section 113 of the Code of Civil Procedure implies that the subordinate court refers the case to the High Court for the latter’s opinion on a

  1. question of law

  2. question of evidence

  3. question of fact

  4. question of court procedure

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Under section 113 of Code of Civil Procedure, any court may state a case and refer the same for the opinion of the High Court, where the court, before which a case is pending, is satisfied that a case pending before it involves a question as to validity of any act.