Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,782 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice

A judgement passed by a court can be reviewed by

  1. the court passing the judgement

  2. the court of District Judge

  3. the High Court

  4. the Supreme Court
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

To review means to look back over something for evaluation. Hence it would always by the court passing the judgement.

Multiple choice

If within thirty days, the parties fail to appoint their arbitrators or the arbitrators fail to appoint the third arbitrator, then the arbitrator shall be appointed by the

  1. National Arbitration Council, New Delhi

  2. District Judge of the Local Court

  3. State Legal Services Authority of the State Concerned

  4. Chief Justice or a person/institution designated by him
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The arbitrator shall be appointed by the Chief Justice or a person/institute designed by him.

Multiple choice

A decree may be executed

  1. by the court which passed the decree

  2. by any other court to which a decree has been sent for execution

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. by district magistrate

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

A decree may be executed by the court which passed the decree and by any other court to which a decree has been sent for execution. 

Multiple choice

Where more than one nominee is nominated,

  1. the death claim monies will be shared

  2. the death claim monies is payable jointly

  3. Both (1) and (2)

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Where more than one nominee is nominated, the death claim monies is payable jointly.

Multiple choice

Can the order of Central Government in the appointment of the Presiding Officer of the tribunal be challenged in any Court?

  1. Yes, before the appellate tribunal

  2. No

  3. No, unless the High Court permits it

  4. Yes, under Article 226 of the Constitution and only before the High Court
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

No order of the appropriate Government or of the Central Government appointing any person as the Chairman or any other member of a Board or Court or as the Presiding Officer of a Labour Court shall be called in question in any manner and no act or proceeding before any Board or Court shall be called in question in any manner on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancy in, or defect in the constitution of, such Board or Court.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is correct about amount to be deposited while appealing before the appellate tribunal?

  1. No amount is required to be deposited until the appellate tribunal decides.

  2. Court-fee on the appeal amount is required to be paid.

  3. 75 percent of the amount determined by the tribunal is required to be deposited at the time of filing of the appeal.

  4. After admission of the appeal, 75 percent of the amount determined by the tribunal is required to be deposited.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

When against the order passed by the tribunal, the appellants file an appeal before the appellate tribunal constituted under the Act. Under Section 21 of the Act, the judgment-debtor is required to deposit 75 percent of the amount, which is due to the respondent-bank for the appeal to be registered.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is/are correct about the difference between the jurisdictions of the Supreme Court (SC) and the High Court (HC)?

  1. Only the Supreme Court has supervisory jurisdiction which the High Court does not have.
  2. Writ jurisdiction of the HC is wider than that of the SC.

  1. Only 1

  2. Only 2

  3. Both 1 and 2

  4. Neither 1 nor 2
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Supervisory jurisdiction refers to the power of superior courts of general superintendence over all subordinate courts. Through supervisory jurisdiction, superior courts aim to keep subordinate courts within their prescribed sphere, and prevent usurpation. In order to exercising such control, the power is conferred on superior courts to issue the necessary and appropriate writs. Each court of appeal has supervisory jurisdiction, subject to the general supervisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court, over all inferior courts in all cases in which an appeal would lie to the court of appeal. Therefore, not only the SC, but HCs also exercise this power over their subordinate courts. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect. The Supreme Court can issue writs only for the purpose of enforcement of Fundamental Rights but not for any other purposes. The High Court, on the other hand, can issue writs not only for the purpose of enforcement of Fundamental Rights, but also for other purposes. Writ jurisdiction of the HC is wider than that of the SC.

Multiple choice

What is the retirement age for a High Court Judge?

  1. Same as the retirement age for a District Judge

  2. Same as the retirement age for a Supreme Court Judge

  3. Lower than the retirement age for a District Judge

  4. Lower than the retirement age for a Supreme Court Judge
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Correct Answer: Lower than the retirement age for a Supreme Court Judge The retirement age of the judge of the Supreme Court of India is 65 years whereas that of a high court judge is 62 years and the age for retirement of district judge is 60 years.

Multiple choice

Offence of murder is triable by

  1. chief judicial magistrate 1st class

  2. sessions judge

  3. metropolitan magistrate

  4. executive magistrate

  5. /
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Powers are only in hands of sessions and additional sessions judge in case of murder.

Multiple choice

A suit is deemed to have been instituted (filed) in a court

  1. when the court fee has been paid

  2. when plaint is presented to the proper officer in the court

  3. when plaint has been acknowledged by the court

  4. Any of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Under the Limitation Act, 1963, a suit is instituted in an ordinary case, when the plaint is presented to the proper officer or in an ordinary case, when the plaint is presented to the proper officer.

Multiple choice

A Lok Adalt has jurisdiction

  1. to decide a case as per its own judgement

  2. to determine and arrive at a compromise or settlement

  3. to decide a case as per its own judgement based on evidence produced before it

  4. Any of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A Lok Adalt shall have jurisdiction to determine and to arrive at a compromise or settlement between the parties to a dispute in respect of - (a) any case pending before; or (b) any matter which is falling within the jurisdiction of, and is not brought before, any court for which the Lok Adalt is organised.

Multiple choice

Which among the following is a correct statement?

  1. DRT jurisdiction for different banks is with reference to the location of HO of the respective bank.

  2. Appeal against DRT order can be made either to DRAT or to High Court.

  3. Where a suit has been filed by one bank in DRT, other bank having interest in the case, can join.

  4. DRT is not a civil court due to which it cannot pass interim orders like attachment or injunction.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Correct Answer: Where a suit has been filed by one bank in DRT, other bank having interest in the case, can join.