Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,814 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true?

  1. A State Government shall establish a Court of Session with the consultation of the High Court.

  2. A State Government shall establish a Court of Session.

  3. The High Court shall establish a Court of Session.

  4. The Supreme Court shall establish a Court of Session.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The State Government shall establish a Court of Session for every session division. It does not require consulting the High Court.

Multiple choice

Directions: Read the given statements and choose the correct option.

First statement: Impeachment proceedings against Supreme Court Justices are penal in nature. Second statement: In the judiciary, only Supreme Court Justices are subject to impeachment.

  1. Only first statement is correct.

  2. Only second statement is correct.

  3. Both statements are correct.

  4. Both statements are not correct.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

(2) Impeachment proceedings against Supreme Court are not penal in nature. Imeachment is in the hands of Supreme Court.

Multiple choice

Who can make rules or give special orders from time to time, consistent with the CrPC, as to the distribution of business among the Subordinate Judicial Magistrate?

  1. Executive Magistrate

  2. District Magistrate

  3. Additional District and Sessions Judge

  4. Chief Judicial Magistrate
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is incorrect: Executive Magistrate cannot give distribute business among the Subordinate Judicial Magistrates.

Option (2) is incorrect: District Magistrate cannot give distribute business among the Subordinate Judicial Magistrates.

Option (3) is incorrect: Additional District and Sessions Judge give cannot distribute business among the Subordinate Judicial Magistrates. Option (4) is correct: Under Section 15(2) of the CrPC, the Chief Judicial Magistrate may, from time to time, make rules or give special orders, consistent with this Code, as to the distribution of business among the Judicial Magistrates subordinate to him.
Multiple choice

The Supreme Court of India has the power of

  1. nominal review

  2. judicial review

  3. legal review

  4. political review
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Judicial review is a doctrine under which legislative and executive actions are reviewed by the judiciary.

Multiple choice

All of the following are the powers of an appellate court, except the power to

  1. determine a case finally

  2. remand the case

  3. take additional evidence

  4. frame and refer for trial
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is incorrect: Cannot determine case finally Option (2) is incorrect: Cannot remand case Option (3) is correct: An appellate court cannot take additional evidence. Option (4) is incorrect: Cannot frame and refer for trial

Multiple choice

No person shall be appointed as a Public Prosecutor for a district unless his name appears in the panel of names prepared by the

  1. Sessions Judge

  2. High Court

  3. District Magistrate

  4. Superintendent of Police
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is incorrect: A District Magistrate shall, in consultation with the Sessions Judge, prepare a panel of names of persons to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for the district. Option (2) is incorrect: The High Court doesn’t prepare a panel of names of persons who are fit to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for a district. Option (3) is correct: Under Section 24(4) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, a District Magistrate shall, in consultation with the Sessions Judge, prepare a panel of names of persons, who are, in his opinion, fit to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for the district. Option (4) is incorrect: The Superintendent of Police has no authority to prepare a panel of names of to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for a district.

Multiple choice

Who can review the judgement passed by a court?

  1. The court passing the judgement

  2. The court of the District Judge

  3. The High Court

  4. The Supreme Court
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is correct: A judgement passed by a court can be reviewed by the very same court. Option (2) is incorrect: District judge can review its own decisions only. Option (3) is incorrect: The High Court can review its own decisions only. Option (4) is incorrect: The decisions of the Supreme Court can never be reviewed by it. 

Multiple choice

Disputes between states in India come to the Supreme Court under

  1. appellate jurisdiction

  2. advisory jurisdiction

  3. original jurisdiction

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Original jurisdiction extends to any dispute between the Government of India and one or more States or between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more States on the other or between two or more States, if and insofar as the dispute involves any question (whether of law or of fact) on which the existence or extent of a legal right depends.

Multiple choice

Consider the following judicial decisions on the meaning of industry:

I. Indian Red Cross Society V. Additional Labour Court, Chandigarh II. Dhanrajgiri Hospital V. Workmen III. State of Punjab V. Kuldeep Singh IV. Prema Govinda V. Karnataka Small Scale Industries Association, Bangalore

The correct order in which these judicial decisions were rendered is

  1. II, III, I and IV

  2. III, II, IV and I

  3. IV, III, I and II

  4. II, I, III and IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

II, I, III and IV