Civics Polity · Law Legal Studies

Judiciary and Legal Systems

1,782 Questions

Judiciary and legal systems form the framework for interpreting laws and delivering justice. Questions in this section explore judicial review, the hierarchy of courts, and the issuance of writs. This topic is crucial for polity and law prelims preparation.

Judicial reviewHigh courts structureIssuance of writsSubordinate courtsPublic interest litigation

Judiciary and Legal Systems Questions

Multiple choice

No person shall be appointed as a Public Prosecutor for a district unless his name appears in the panel of names prepared by the

  1. Sessions Judge

  2. High Court

  3. District Magistrate

  4. Superintendent of Police
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is incorrect: A District Magistrate shall, in consultation with the Sessions Judge, prepare a panel of names of persons to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for the district. Option (2) is incorrect: The High Court doesn’t prepare a panel of names of persons who are fit to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for a district. Option (3) is correct: Under Section 24(4) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, a District Magistrate shall, in consultation with the Sessions Judge, prepare a panel of names of persons, who are, in his opinion, fit to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for the district. Option (4) is incorrect: The Superintendent of Police has no authority to prepare a panel of names of to be appointed as the Public Prosecutor for a district.

Multiple choice

Who can review the judgement passed by a court?

  1. The court passing the judgement

  2. The court of the District Judge

  3. The High Court

  4. The Supreme Court
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Option (1) is correct: A judgement passed by a court can be reviewed by the very same court. Option (2) is incorrect: District judge can review its own decisions only. Option (3) is incorrect: The High Court can review its own decisions only. Option (4) is incorrect: The decisions of the Supreme Court can never be reviewed by it. 

Multiple choice

Disputes between states in India come to the Supreme Court under

  1. appellate jurisdiction

  2. advisory jurisdiction

  3. original jurisdiction

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Original jurisdiction extends to any dispute between the Government of India and one or more States or between the Government of India and any State or States on one side and one or more States on the other or between two or more States, if and insofar as the dispute involves any question (whether of law or of fact) on which the existence or extent of a legal right depends.

Multiple choice

Consider the following judicial decisions on the meaning of industry:

I. Indian Red Cross Society V. Additional Labour Court, Chandigarh II. Dhanrajgiri Hospital V. Workmen III. State of Punjab V. Kuldeep Singh IV. Prema Govinda V. Karnataka Small Scale Industries Association, Bangalore

The correct order in which these judicial decisions were rendered is

  1. II, III, I and IV

  2. III, II, IV and I

  3. IV, III, I and II

  4. II, I, III and IV
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

II, I, III and IV

Multiple choice

President of district forum is

  1. collector of the district

  2. a person who is qualified as advocate

  3. a person who is qualified to be a district judge

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

(3) President of district forum is a person who is qualified to be a district judge.

Multiple choice

Administrative tribunals are created by

  1. legislation

  2. common law

  3. administrative agencies

  4. precedents
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

(1) Administrative tribunals are specialised governmental agencies established under federal or provincial legislation to implement legislative policy.

Multiple choice

The decision of a board or commission

  1. may automatically be appealed to a higher level agency

  2. may automatically be appealed through the court system

  3. can never be appealed

  4. may, in limited circumstances, be appealed through the process of judicial review in the court system
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) The decision of a board or commission may be appealed through judicial review.

Multiple choice

Under the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, “court”

  1. does not include a High Court in exercise of its ordinary original civil jurisdiction

  2. includes the court of small causes

  3. includes any civil court at the district

  4. means the principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction in a district
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) Under Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996, “court” means the principal Civil Court of original jurisdiction in a district.

Multiple choice

Who among the following lawyers are not prohibited from practicing law?

  1. Lawyers who were appointed as the Chairman and members of the Constitutional Commission

  2. Lawyers connected with the office of the Solicitor General

  3. Lawyers who are elected as Senators or Congressmen

  4. Lawyers who were appointed to the Judiciary
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) Lawyers who were appointed to the Judiciary are not prohibited from practicing law.

Multiple choice

The power of the SC to regulate the practice of law includes all of the following, except

  1. prescribe the qualification of a candidate

  2. decide who will be admitted to practice

  3. discipline, suspend or disbar any member unfit and unworthy of bar

  4. exercise overall supervision of the legal profession including lawyers
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

(4) The power of the SC to regulate the practise of law does not include exercise overall supervision of the legal profession including lawyers.