Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

Heinrich Hertz is the correct answer for who discovered/experimentally proved electrical waves (electromagnetic waves). In 1887, Hertz conducted experiments that proved Maxwell's theoretical predictions about electromagnetic waves. While Maxwell provided the mathematical framework and Faraday discovered electromagnetic induction, it was Hertz who actually demonstrated the existence of these waves through his famous spark-gap experiment, creating and detecting radio waves for the first time.

Henry Moseley (also spelled Mosley) established that the atomic number (number of protons) is the fundamental property that determines an element's position in the periodic table, not atomic weight.

The Montgolfier brothers, Joseph-Michel and Jacques-Étienne, invented the hot air balloon in 1783 and conducted the first successful manned balloon flights.

Alexander Parkes invented Parkesine, the first man-made plastic, which he exhibited in 1862. This early celluloid material paved the way for modern plastics.

Alfred Nobel invented dynamite in 1867 as a safer and more stable explosive than nitroglycerin. He later used his fortune to establish the Nobel Prizes.

Lewis Waterman invented the first practical fountain pen in 1884, solving the ink flow problems that plagued earlier pen designs and making fountain pens reliable writing instruments.

Henry Greathead (also spelled Great Head) invented the first lifeboat in 1790, designed to rescue people from shipwrecks. His invention featured a self-righting design and was specifically built for heavy sea conditions.

Levi Strauss, a German-American businessman, invented blue jeans in 1873 during the California Gold Rush era. He patented the process of using copper rivets to strengthen pants, creating what became known as blue jeans.

Leonardo da Vinci was a polymath who designed numerous machines and devices, including equipment for testing wire tensile strength and lens-grinding machines. His notebooks contain detailed drawings of various mechanical inventions.

Louis Braille invented the Braille system of reading and writing for the visually impaired in 1824 when he was just 15 years old. His system of raised dots allows blind people to read and write independently.

William Kennedy Dickson, working under Thomas Edison, was a key inventor who created the early motion picture camera called the Kinetograph. He was instrumental in developing the technology for filming and projecting motion pictures.

John Kellogg invented corn flakes breakfast cereal in the late 19th century. He developed it as a healthy, ready-to-eat breakfast option for patients at the Battle Creek Sanitarium, promoting it as part of a vegetarian diet.