General Awareness · Science General

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

4,616 Questions

This hub provides questions related to great inventors and their scientific discoveries. It covers the inventors of the telephone, radio, and microchips, alongside Nobel Prize winners. These facts are crucial for the general awareness section of major competitive exams.

Famous inventionsNobel Prize winnersScientific conceptsKey inventors

Inventors and Scientific Discoveries Questions

Multiple choice

who gave cells there name?

  1. Robert Hooke

  2. no one did

  3. bob john

  4. forester jack
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Robert Hooke coined the term 'cell' in 1665 after observing cork tissue under a microscope, noting its resemblance to small rooms or cells.

Multiple choice

Who first discovered cells?

  1. Theodor Schwann

  2. Mrs. Nagle

  3. Rudolph Virchow

  4. Robert Hook
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Robert Hooke is credited with the first discovery of cells in 1665 while observing cork under a microscope. He coined the term cell because the structures reminded him of the small rooms, or cellulae, inhabited by monks.

Multiple choice botany how plants grow experiments on photosynthesis - light importance of light for photosynthesis photosynthesis necessities- experiments various experiments on photosynthesis experiments on photosynthesis - gases
Which of the following scientists concluded by his experiments that green plant play a role in  purifying the noxious air only in the presence of sunlight?

  1. Priestley

  2. Ingenhousz

  3. Sachs

  4. Engelmann
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Jan Ingenhousz (1730-1799), in his experiment with an aquatic plant, showed that in bright sunlight, small bubbles were formed around the green parts while in the dark, no such bubbles formed. He found out these bubbles to be of oxygen. He thus, confirmed that purification of air or formation of dephlogiston is carried out by green plants only in presence of sunlight. 

Multiple choice zoology molecular basis of inheritance the search for genetic material dna structure and replication molecular genetics

From their experiments on Neurospora crassa, Beadle and Tatum proposed

  1. One gene one polypeptide hypothesis

  2. One gene one enzyme hypothesis

  3. One gene one function hypothesis

  4. Many genes one enzyme hypothesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Beadle and Tatum studied nutritional mutants in the bread mold Neurospora crassa. Their work led to the 'one gene, one enzyme' hypothesis, stating that each gene is responsible for the synthesis of a specific enzyme.

Multiple choice zoology molecular basis of inheritance the search for genetic material dna structure and replication molecular genetics

Which is correctly matched ?

  1. Frederick Griffith - Discovered transformation

  2. Linus Pauling - Isolated DNA for first time

  3. Francis Crick - Proposed one gene - one polypeptide hypothesis

  4. George Beadle - Proposed concept of inborn errors

  5. Jacob and Monod Proposed Wobble hypothesis
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Frederick Griffith is correctly credited with the discovery of bacterial transformation in 1928. The other options contain historical inaccuracies regarding the scientists or their specific contributions.

Multiple choice biology organization of life the cell structure cytoplasm number and shape of cells

The term cytoskeleton was given by

  1. Koltzoff

  2. Rhodin

  3. Menke

  4. Park
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
  • Cytoskeleton refers to the complex network of interlinking filaments and tubules which extend throughout the cytoplasm of the cell from the nucleus to the plasma membrane.
  • They are composed of microtubules, actin filaments and intermediate filaments. 
  • They give shape and support to the cell and also facilitates movement within the cell (cytoplasmic streaming or cyclosis).
  • It was discovered by Nikolai K. Koltsov in the year 1903.
  • So, the correct answer is 'Koltzoff'.
Multiple choice botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of _______________

  1. Dihybrid cross

  2. Monohybrid cross

  3. Back cross

  4. Test cross
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The monohybrid cross-refers to inheritance of singe contrasting trait by two parents at a time. For example, a cross of tall (T) and dwarf (t) pea plants (TT x tt). Mendel observed that monohybrid cross between two pure breeding varieties yields $F _1$ generation which exhibits the dominant trait; although factor for a recessive trait is present in $F _1$ hybrids. Self-fertilization of $F _1$ generation obtains $F _2$ generation which exhibits both dominant and recessive traits in the 3:1 phenotypic ratio. This laid the foundation of the law of purity of gametes which states that the two factors for a trait, present together in a heterozygous individual, do not get mixed and are separated during gametogenesis. 
Multiple choice biology classification of plants thallophyta cryptograms kingdom plantae

The name 'Thallophyta' was coined by

  1. Endlicher

  2. Linneaus

  3. Christenson

  4. Hackel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The term Thallophyta was coined by Endlicher. The organisms included in Thallophyta are algae, fungi, slime mould and bacteria.
Linneaus gave biological classification.
Hackel contributed in the history of evolutionary theory. He proposed a link between ontogeny and phylogeny.
Christensen contributed in physics in diagnostic radiology.

Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications stem cell stem cells and applications stem cells organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation

Cellular totipotency was for the first time demonstrated by  _____________.

  1. F.C. Steward

  2. P. Maheshwari

  3. W.H. Muir

  4. Y.P.S. Bajaj
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

A- The capacity to generate a whole plant from any cell or explant is called totipotency. The first evidence of totipotency was given by F.C.Steward et al in 1950 in USA.

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications stem cell stem cells and applications stem cells organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation

Stem cell therapy was first done by

  1. James E. Till.

  2. Ernest A. McCulloch.

  3. Eva Engvall.

  4. Both A and B.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The technique in which the stem cells are transplanted from donor into the patient for production of the new cells is known as the stem cell therapy. This technique was performed by James E. Till and Ernest A. Mc Culloch. These scientists were performing experiments on the bone marrow of the mice using radiations. They discovered the existence of the stem cells in the bone marrow.

Thus, the correct answer is option D. 

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications stem cell stem cells and applications stem cells organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation

Totipotency was first observed by 

  1. Steward

  2. Guha and Maheswari

  3. Strasburger

  4. Haberlandt
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Totipotency refers to the ability of many cells to retain the full genetic potential characteristic of the mature organism from which any of the cells were obtained, and thus enable the cell to regenerate the organism’s tissues and organs under favorable conditions. The possibility of regenerating an entire plant from a single or few non-zygotic cells was proposed by Gottlieb Haberlandt in 1902. Haberlandt is popularly called the father of tissue culture.

Therefore, the correct answer is option D.

Multiple choice zoology biotechnology and its applications stem cell stem cells and applications stem cells organ donation and body donation blood and organ donation

Cellular totipotency was for the first time demonstrated by

  1. F. C. Steward

  2. P. Maheshwari

  3. W. H. Muir

  4. Y. P. S. Bajaj
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Totipotency was first demonstrated by Steward and Reinert in the 1950s. Professor F. C. Steward discovered and laid the foundation for plant tissue culture; genetic engineering and plant biotechnology of food crops or trees.

Multiple choice business economics and quantitative methods linear correlation spearman's coefficient of correlation spearman's rank correlation method correlation coefficients

Rank correlation co-efficient was developed by___________.

  1. Karl Pearson

  2. C. Spearman

  3. Francis Cotton

  4. Carly
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Rank correlation coefficient is developed by Charles Spearman, a renowned statistician that measures the strength between the ranked variables.