Tag: features of human body and sign language

Questions Related to features of human body and sign language

Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.


In a monohybrid cross between two heterozygous individuals, percentage of  re homozygous individuals obtained in $F 1$ generation will be ________.

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. 25%

  2. 50%

  3. 75%

  4. 100%

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Correct Option: B

Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. monohybrid cross

  2. dihybrid cross

  3. test cross

  4. back cross

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

A gamete may carry either the dominant or the recessive factor but not both as we find in F1 individuals. This is why it is called either as 'principle of segregation' or as 'law of purity of gametes'. This concept of segregation is often called Mendel's first principle. The alleles of contrasting characters selected in the monohybrid cross will show exact Dominance and Recessive relationships. Monohybrid cross refers to  mating between two organisms with different variations at one genetic chromosome of interest. The character(s) being studied in a monohybrid cross are governed by two or multiple variations for a single locus.

So, the correct answer is 'monohybrid cross'.

Which of the following term was used by Mendel for hereditary units?

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Factor (determiner)

  2. Genome

  3. Genetic particle

  4. None of the above

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Correct Option: A
Explanation:

Gregor Mendel is the father of genetics. When he explained about heredity for the first time ever, the term "Gene" which is now being used, was not given. After his demise only, most of his research studies came to lime light. According to his explanations, he called them as 'Factor' or determiner which was otherwise known as heredity units.

For green coloured pod and rounded seed, which is the functional unit of inheritance?

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Cistron

  2. Gene

  3. Chromosome

  4. lntron

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Genes are the functional hereditary units.  Gene is also defined as the functional unit of DNA which codes for a character. Genes are located on chromosomes, which are then carried to the next generation and thus plays a great role in heredity.

A gene is

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Synonym of chromosomes

  2. Composed of mRNA

  3. A specific segment of nucleotides of DNA

  4. Having only those nucleotides required to synthesize a protein

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Correct Option: C
Explanation:

A gene is a sequence of nucleotides along a DNA strand - with 'start' and 'stop' codons and other regulatory elements - that specifies a sequence of amino acids that are linked together to form a protein.


So, the correct answer is 'A specific segment of nucleotides of DNA'.

Which of the following is true regarding genes?

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Gene is a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring

  2. Gene is a distinct sequence of nucleotides forming part of a chromosome

  3. Gene is the order which determines the order of monomers in a polypeptide 

  4. All of the above

Show answer
Correct Option: D
Explanation:
  • Genes are basic unit of heredity present on the chromosome.
  • They are made up of DNA hence they are sequence of nucleotides.
  • These orders of nucleotides in DNA later determine the sequence of polypeptide chain formed from them during translation. 
  • So, the correct option is 'All of the above'.

Which of the following is an INCORRECT statement regarding genetic material?

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Genes are made up of DNA

  2. Chromatin is made up of DNA

  3. Histones are proteins to which chromatin is bound

  4. DNA is made up of genes

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Correct Option: D
Explanation:

In biology, a gene is a sequence of DNA or RNA that codes for a molecule that has a function. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function. However the inverse is incorrect. 

So the correct option is "DNA is made up of genes".

Which of the following part of DNA contains genes?

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Junk DNA

  2. Coding DNA

  3. Whole DNA

  4. Any of the above

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:

Gene is present in the coding region of the DNA. In eukaryotes, gene is made up of both introns and exons. So, the correct option is "Coding DNA".

How many genotyprs are possible from a across between the parent $RR$ and $rr$ ?

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. Four

  2. One

  3. Three

  4. Two

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Correct Option: B
Explanation:
Crossing between RR and rr will give one genotype that is Rr.
So, the correct option is B.

In pea plants, the long-stem trait $(L)$ is dominant and the short-stern trait $(I)$ is recessive. Two pea plants were crossed, producing seeds that yielded 165 long-stem plants and 54 short-stem plants. The genotypes of the parent plants were most likely

botany mendel's law of inheritance genetics terminology similarities and dissimilarities in organisms introduction to genetics features of human body and sign language

  1. $LI$ and $LL$

  2. $LI$ and $LI$

  3. $II$ and $II$

  4. $LL$ and $II$

Show answer
Correct Option: B
Explanation:

  • The ratio of long stem plants to short stem plants among the progeny is 165:54 which means it has a ratio of 3:1. This ratio is possible if the parents are heterozygous in nature which after the cross will produce homozygous tall, heterozygous tall and homozygous dwarf offsprings. 
  • As the heterozygous offspring expresses the dominant allele, they will also be tall. This is a classic example of the monohybrid ratio that produces a ratio of 3:1 in the F2 generation of pure line parents.

So, the correct option is 'LI and LI'.