Inventors and Scientific Discoveries

The term vernalization, which refers to the induction of flowering by exposure to prolonged cold, was coined by the Russian scientist T.D. Lysenko.

The Story of My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, covering his life from childhood through 1921.

 Systema Naturae was one of the major works of the Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician Carolus Linnaeus and introduced the Linnaean taxonomy.

The term "coacervate" is sometimes used to refer to spherical aggregates of colloidal droplets held together by hydrophobic forces.The process of coacervation was famously proposed by Alexander Oparin and J. B. S. Haldane as crucial in his early theory of abiogenesis .

Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) was one of the nineteenth century’s leading naturalists and explorers. He co-discovered with Charles Darwin the theory of evolution by natural selection, and he is one of the founders of the modern field of biogeography.

Since early in the twentieth century, Haeckel's "biogenetic law" has been refuted on many fronts. Haeckel formulated his theory as "Ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny".

Charles Darwin suggested that “survival of the fittest” was the basis for organic evolution (the change of living things with time). Evolution itself is a biological phenomenon common to all living things, even though it has led to their differences.

Balard was a French chemist , who isolated and identified, the element bromine. He was conducting a general investigation of seawater, when he found the previously unknown element, in seaweed and several marine animals.

Building on Volta's concepts, English chemist Humphry Davy, first produced sodium, from the electrolysis of molten sodium hydroxide, in 1807. Subsequently, Davy isolated potassium, another alkali metal, from potassium hydroxide in the same year. Lithium was discovered in 1817.

Acheson was an American chemist, who invented the process, to create carborundum. Carborundum is also known as silicon carbide, and is used, as an abrasive, semiconductor material and ceramic additive. Acheson  received 70 patents related, to the use and production of silicon carbide.

Karl Landsteiner discovered the main human blood groups (ABO system) in 1900, for which he later received the Nobel Prize.

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The term 'protoplasm' was coined by Jan Evangelista Purkinje in 1839.

Robert Hooke was the first scientist to discover cell in the cork of a plant.

Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered X-rays in 1895. He was awarded the first Nobel Prize in Physics for this discovery.