Indian Rivers and Waterways

Ayodhya, the holy city in Uttar Pradesh, is situated on the banks of the Saryu River (also known as Ghaghara). The river holds religious significance in Hindu mythology and is integral to Ayodhya's identity as a pilgrimage site.

Mathura, the birthplace of Lord Krishna, is situated on the banks of the Yamuna River. The city's location along this sacred river is central to its religious significance and numerous temple complexes.

Lucknow, the capital city of Uttar Pradesh, is situated on the banks of the Gomti River. The river is a tributary of the Ganga and flows through the heart of the city, contributing to its cultural and historical heritage.

Ahmedabad, the largest city in Gujarat, is situated on the banks of the Sabarmati River. The river is central to the city's identity and was the site of Gandhi's Dandi March commencement at Sabarmati Ashram.

The Brahmaputra River is historically called the 'Sorrow of Assam' or 'Sorrow of Bengal' due to its frequent and devastating floods that cause widespread destruction in the region. The river's tendency to overflow during monsoon season has earned it this melancholy nickname.

The Khasi, Jaintia, and Garo are the three main indigenous tribal communities of Meghalaya. While Meghalaya does have hills (the Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills, and Garo Hills), in this context the question is asking for the classification of these three terms as the major tribal groups of the state.

The Ganges was declared the national river of India in 2008 due to its cultural and religious significance in Indian civilization. The Brahmaputra, Indus, and Kaveri are major rivers but don't hold this status.

The Godavari River, the second-longest river in India after the Ganges, originates near Trimbakeshwara Jyotirlinga in the Nashik district of Maharashtra. Trimbakeshwar is one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines and the river's source is considered highly sacred. The Krishna, Narmada, and Kaveri rivers originate from different locations.

The earliest known reservoir and dam for irrigation was built in Saurashtra (Gujarat, India). The Sudarshana Lake dam was built around 1500 BCE during the Mauryan period.

Kallanai, also known as the Grand Anicut, is an ancient dam built across the Kaveri River in Tamil Nadu around the 2nd century AD by Karikala Chola. It is considered one of the oldest water-regulation structures in the world still in use.

The Pashupatinath Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most significant Hindu temples dedicated to Lord Shiva, is located in the eastern part of Kathmandu, Nepal, on the banks of the Bagmati River. Varanasi and Rameswaram are Indian cities, while Nasik is also in India - none of these are in Nepal where the temple is actually situated.

The Gomai River is a tributary of the Tapi River and flows through Maharashtra state. It originates in the Satpura range and joins the Tapi. Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh are not its path, making Maharashtra the correct choice.