Indian Polity and Governance

Under Article 32 and Article 226 of the Indian Constitution, the Supreme Court and High Courts have the power to issue writs for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights.

Under the Indian Constitution, the Governor of a state is appointed by the President of India by warrant under his hand and seal.

Under the Indian Constitution, the Parliament has the power to impose reasonable restrictions on fundamental rights in the interest of sovereignty, security, and public order.

According to the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) must be a person who has been a Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India.

A joint session of Parliament has been convened for the Dowry Prohibition Act (1961), the Banking Service Commission (Repeal) Act (1978), and the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA) (2002).

A state of emergency in India refers to a period of governance under an altered constitutional setup that can be proclaimed by the President of India, when he/she perceives grave threats to the nation from internal and external sources or from financial situations of crisis. Under the advice of the cabinet of ministers and using the powers vested in him/her largely by Part XVIII of the Constitution of India, the President can overrule many provisions of the constitution, which guarantee fundamental rights to the citizens of India and acts governing devolution of powers to the states which form the federation.  

For those Union Territories which have no Legislative Councils of their own, laws are passed by the Parliament.

Any number of times the President of India can seek re-election to his post.

Section 21 in the Indian Penal Code: “Public servant” — The words “public servant” denote a person falling under any of the above category.

The President appoints Chief Election Commissioner and Election Commissioners. They have a tenure of six years, or up to the age of 65 years, whichever is earlier. 

Judges of the High Court are appointed by the Presiden of India.

The Vice President of India is also the ex-officio Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.

The Chief Justice and other judges of the High Court are appointed by the President of India.

Strength of council of ministers is fixed by Prime MInister.

The offices of monarch and governor-general were replaced by the new office of the President of India, with Rajendra Prasad as the first incumbent.