Indian Polity and Governance

Under the Constitution of India, the Chairman and members of a State Public Service Commission are appointed by the Governor of the state.

Similar to the Chairman, the members of the State Public Service Commission are appointed by the Governor of the state.

The District Magistrate is appointed by the state government, which acts through the Council of Ministers, under the authority of the Governor.

In the Indian parliamentary system, the budget is presented in the name of the Head of State. For the state level, this is the Governor, but since the options provided are limited, the question likely refers to the constitutional convention where the budget is presented on behalf of the executive head.

Under Article 217 of the Indian Constitution, the President appoints High Court judges after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, the Governor of the state, and the Chief Justice of the concerned High Court. Among the provided options, consulting the Governor is the standard constitutional requirement listed.

The Governor appoints the Chief Minister, members of the State Public Service Commission, and the Advocate General. However, the judges of the High Court are appointed by the President of India, not the Governor.

The President of India will submit resignation to the Vice President. Article 56 of the Indian constitution makes it clear that the term of the President is five years from the date on which he enters the office. His term may terminate earlier (i) by resignation addressed to the Vice President (ii) by removal by impeachment for violation of the constitution

There is no constitutional provision for impeachment of the prime minister in the strict meaning of the word, which is a formal process of initiating accusation of unlawful activities and removal from office. The prime minister gets removed from his post with a simple no confidence motion passed by majority of the elected MPs, i.e. when he ceases to be the leader of the majority party in the Lok Sabha.

The president of India is the Union executive. It has been stated in Article 53 (1) of the Constitution that “the executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with the Constitution.” This makes it evident that the President is the head of the Government.

According to Article 64 of the Indian Constitution, the Vice President shall be ex-officio Chairman of the Council of States and shall not hold any other office of profit. Provided that during any period when the Vice President acts as President or discharges the functions of the President under Article 65, he shall not perform the duties of the office of Chairman of the Council of States and shall not be entitled to any salary or allowance payable to the Chairman of the Council of States under Article 97.

 Article 124(2): Clause (2) of Article 124 is as follows: “Every Judge of the Supreme Court shall be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal after consultation with such of the Judges of the Supreme Court and of the High Courts in the States as the President may deem necessary for the purpose and shall hold office until he attains the age of sixty-five years; provided that in the case of appointment of a Judge other than the Chief Justice, the Chief Justice of India shall always be consulted.”

Members of the Lok Sabha are elected, not appointed, by the common people of the nation. Hence, the President does not have any power to appoint or dismiss them. They can only be suspended from the Lok Sabha by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha on the grounds of misbehavior.

The Constitution of India (Article 148) provides for an independent office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG). CAG is the head of the Indian Audit and Accounts Department and the guardian of public purse. He controls the entire financial system of the country at the Centre and the State.

The President is required to make and subscribe in the presence of the Chief Justice of India (or in his absence, the senior-most Judge of the Supreme Court), an oath or affirmation that he/she shall protect, preserve and defend the Constitution.

The President