Indian Independence Movement

The Governor General of India presided over the meetings of the Legislative Council until 1920. The office of the Speaker, as an independent presiding officer, was created later in 1921. This reflected the British parliamentary model developing gradually in Indian legislature.

G. V. Mavalankar was the last President of the Indian Central Legislative Assembly, serving from 1946 to 1947. He later became the first Speaker of independent India's Lok Sabha, demonstrating continuity between colonial and independent legislative institutions.

The sixth Lok Sabha (1977-1979) had two Speakers - N. Sanjiva Reddy from March 1977 to July 1977, and K. S. Hegde from July 1977 to January 1980. This was a unique situation where the office changed hands during the same Lok Sabha term. The sixth Lok Sabha was formed after the historic 1977 elections.

After G. V. Mavalankar's death in 1956, M. A. Ayyangar became the Speaker of the first Lok Sabha. Ayyangar had been serving as Deputy Speaker and was the natural successor. He completed the term of the first Lok Sabha which sat from 1952 to 1957.

G. V. Mavalankar served as the Speaker (President) of the Constituent Assembly that framed India's Constitution. He had previously been President of the Central Legislative Assembly. His experience made him the natural choice for this crucial role during constitution-making.

Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar (G.V. Mavalankar) was the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha, serving from 1952 to 1956. He had previously served as the President of the Constituent Assembly and as Speaker of the Provisional Parliament.

Neelam Sanjiva Reddy was the Speaker of the fourth Lok Sabha (1967-1970) and later became the sixth President of India (1977-1982). He is the only Indian to have served as both Speaker of Lok Sabha and President.

A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, founded the Indian National Congress in 1885. The first session was held in Bombay with 72 delegates. Hume's goal was to provide a safe outlet for Indian political aspirations and prevent more radical movements. While leaders like Gandhi and Tilak shaped the Congress later, Hume was its founder.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar said this while defending the Draft Constitution's similarities to the Government of India Act 1935. He argued that borrowing from established frameworks was practical and nothing to be ashamed of, as the Constitution also contained significant innovations suited to India's needs. This was in response to criticisms about lack of originality.

This quote was indeed stated by Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who was the President of the Constituent Assembly and later became the first President of India. He made this observation emphasizing that the quality of representatives matters more than the written constitution itself.

Jawaharlal Nehru was indeed the head of the Union Constitution Committee. As a key leader and future Prime Minister, he chaired this important committee that recommended the parliamentary system of government for independent India.

Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the first President of India by the Constituent Assembly in 1950. The Constituent Assembly served as the provisional parliament until full elections could be held. The Lok Sabha didn't exist yet, and Legislative Assembly/Council of State were not the bodies that elected the President.

Both Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel proposed Dr. Rajendra Prasad's name for President. This bipartisan consensus reflected the respect Prasad commanded across the political spectrum. Neither proposed alone - it was a joint proposal.

Dr. K.B. Hedgewar founded the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) in Nagpur in 1925 as a cultural organization focused on character building and national service.

The Kakori Conspiracy (1925) was a train robbery action by Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. Ram Prasad Bismil (spelled 'Bismal' in the question, likely typo) was a key organizer. Options B, C, and D are incorrect - Jatin Das participated in other revolutionary activities, Surya Sen led Chittagong armory raid, and Phadke was an earlier revolutionary.