Indian Independence Movement

S. Gurbaksh Singh (1895-1977) founded and started 'Preet Lari' in 1949, a Punjabi literary magazine that played a significant role in promoting Punjabi literature and culture. It became one of the most influential Punjabi publications of its time.

Dr. Annie Besant was appointed the leader of the Home Rule League in 1916, specifically leading the All India Home Rule League based in Madras. She, along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak, started the Home Rule Movement demanding self-governance for India. Mahatma Gandhi was not directly involved in leading the Home Rule League - he focused on other movements like Champaran, Kheda, and Non-Cooperation.

Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly, responsible for drafting India's Constitution. He was also the chief architect who presented and defended the Constitution before the Assembly. While Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel handled the integration of princely states and Nehru was the Prime Minister, Ambedkar's legal expertise and drafting skills made him the natural choice for this crucial role. The committee had 7 members, but Ambedkar did the bulk of the work.

The First Round Table Conference (1930-31) was boycotted by the Indian National Congress because many leaders (including Gandhi) were in jail after the Civil Disobedience Movement. Those who attended included representatives from princely states, minorities (Muslims, Sikhs, depressed classes), and liberal politicians, but NOT major Congress leaders like Nehru, Gandhi, or Jinnah. Jinnah attended the Second RTC (1931) but was disillusioned by then. Since none of the named leaders attended the First RTC, 'None of these' is correct.

Jawaharlal Nehru was the President of the Indian National Congress at the Lahore Session of December 1929 when 'Poorna Swaraj' (Complete Independence) was declared as the official objective of the Congress. This session marked the shift from demanding dominion status to demanding full independence. The Declaration of Independence was issued on January 26, 1930, and was celebrated as Independence Day until 1947. Motilal Nehru (Jawaharlal's father) was a leader of the Swaraj Party but was President in 1919 and 1928, not 1929.

Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee (W.C. Bonnerjee) was the first President of the Indian National Congress at its inaugural session in Bombay in 1885. A.O. Hume was the founder and organizer of the Congress but did not serve as President - his role was that of a British civil servant sympathetic to Indian political aspirations. Rajendra Prasad was a much later President (independent India's first President). Jawaharlal Nehru became President in 1929 (Lahore session) and 1936-37, but was not the first.

The Indian National Congress was founded by A.O. Hume, a retired British civil servant, in 1885. Hume's intention was to provide a platform for educated Indians to participate in political discussion and eventually self-governance. W.C. Bonnerjee became the first President of the INC, while Dadabhai Naoroji was a prominent leader and served as President later, but was not the founder.

M.N. Roy (Manabendra Nath Roy), a radical political theorist and philosopher, was the first to advocate for a 'partyless democracy' in India during the 1940s. He proposed that political parties were divisive and that democracy should function through directly elected representatives without party affiliations. While Jayaprakash Narayan later championed similar ideas in the 1970s, Roy was the original advocate of this concept in India.

Purna Swaraj (complete independence) was demanded in the Lahore Session of the Indian National Congress in December 1929. The session was presided over by Jawaharlal Nehru and it was declared that January 26, 1930 would be celebrated as Independence Day.

Baba Ramchandra led the Non-Cooperation Movement in Awadh (region in present-day Uttar Pradesh). He was a sanyasi who organized peasants and workers against landlords and the British, mobilizing them through religious symbols and peasant grievances.

Annie Besant is correct because she established the Home Rule League in 1916 (along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak who started a separate branch), demanding self-rule for India within the British Empire.

Motilal Nehru and C.R.Das is correct because they founded the Swaraj Party in 1923 after the Non-Cooperation Movement ended, advocating for entry into legislative councils to fight for change from within.

G.V. Mavalankar served as the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha from 1952 to 1956. He had previously served as Speaker of the Constituent Assembly and brought significant parliamentary experience to the role. M.A. Iyyangar succeeded him as the second Speaker.

Justice Hira Lal Kania served as the first Chief Justice of India from August 15, 1947 to November 6, 1951. He was appointed to this position upon India's independence when the Federal Court of India became the Supreme Court.

The 1905 Benaras Session of the Indian National Congress was presided over by Gopal Krishna Gokhale. This was a significant session where the Congress split between moderates and extremists began to widen, particularly over the partition of Bengal issue.