History · Civics Polity

Indian Independence Movement

1,612 Questions

The Indian Independence Movement encompasses the efforts and events that led to India freeing itself from colonial rule. This hub covers key leaders, the Indian National Congress, and major movements like Quit India. Questions on this topic frequently appear in general awareness sections.

Indian National CongressQuit India MovementConstituent AssemblyNon-Cooperation MovementPre-independence leaders

Indian Independence Movement Questions

Multiple choice

In which session of Congress did Gandhiji make the statement that 'Swarajists would carry on work in legislatures on the behalf of Congress'?

  1. Gaya Session

  2. Belgaum Session

  3. Lucknow Session

  4. Kanpur Session
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Belgaum Session of 1924 was where Mahatma Gandhi formally endorsed the Swarajist strategy of entering legislative councils to work on behalf of the Congress. This was part of the compromise between the 'no-changers' (who opposed council entry) and 'pro-changers' (Swarajists who supported it). The Gaya Session (1922) had initially rejected council entry, creating the split.

Multiple choice

Who among the following was/were the 'responsivist(s)'?

  1. N.C. Kelkar

  2. M.M. Malviya

  3. M.R. Jayakar

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The responsivists were leaders who believed in responsive cooperation - working within the legislative council framework rather than boycotting it. N.C. Kelkar, M.M. Malaviya, and M.R. Jayakar were all prominent responsivists who favored this approach after the Non-Cooperation Movement ended. Therefore, Option D (All of these) is the correct answer.

Multiple choice

Who among the following was elected as the Speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly by the Swarajists?

  1. Vallabhbhai Patel

  2. C. R. Das

  3. Motilal Nehru

  4. Vithalbhai Patel
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Vithalbhai Patel, elder brother of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, was elected as the Speaker of the Central Legislative Assembly in 1925 when the Swaraj Party gained significant strength. C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru were the main Swarajist leaders but were not Speakers. Vallabhbhai Patel was not directly involved in the Swaraj Party's legislative activities.

Multiple choice

Who among the following personalities was/were the member(s) of the Swaraj Party?

  1. Subhash Chandra Bose
  2. Vithalbhai Patel
  3. Narsimha Chintaman Kelkar
  4. Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy

  1. Only 2

  2. Only 2 and 3

  3. Only 2 and 4

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

All four listed personalities were associated with the Swaraj Party or the Swarajist movement. Subhash Chandra Bose briefly aligned with them, Vithalbhai Patel became Speaker, N.C. Kelkar was a responsivist supporter, and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy (though later prominent in Pakistan) was involved in the council entry movement. Option D is correct.

Multiple choice

Who among the following were the part of the sub-committee appointed in 1928 to determine the principles of the Indian Constitution?

  1. Muslims
  2. Hindus
  3. Sikhs
  4. Liberals

  1. 1, 2, 3 and 4

  2. Only 2 and 4

  3. Only 2, 3 and 4

  4. Only 1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Convinced by the idea that the Indian resistance to the Simon Commission is strong, the British government asked the Indians to formulate an alternative constitutional reforms plan. In this context, a sub-committee was appointed in theAll-Parties' Convention in May 1928. The sub-committee was presided over by Motilal Nehru and it included-

  1. Sir Ali Imam and Suhaib Qureshi (Muslims)
  2. M.S. Aney and M. Rjayakar (Hindu Mahasabha members)
  3. Mangal Singh (from Sikh League)
  4. Tej Bhadur Sapru (one of the Liberals)
  5. N.M. Joshi (Representative of Labour)
  6. G.P. Pradhan (Non-Brahmin) Jwaharlal Nehru was the Secretary of the sub-committee.
Multiple choice

Who among the following was not one of the 'no-changers', the leaders who opposed to the idea of stalling the work in the legislatures?

  1. Vallabhbhai Patel

  2. Rajendra Prasad

  3. Lala Lajpat Roy

  4. C. Rajagopalachari
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The 'No-Changers' were leaders who opposed council entry and wanted to continue non-cooperation. Vallabhbhai Patel, Rajendra Prasad, and C. Rajagopalachari were prominent No-Changers. Lala Lajpat Roy was not part of this group as he had different views on council entry strategy and was more aligned with the Responsivist faction.

Multiple choice

Who among the following supported the Swarajists in forming a common front after entering the Central Legislative Assembly?

  1. M.M. Malviya

  2. Gandhi ji

  3. M.A. Jinnah

  4. All of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

After the Swarajists entered the Central Legislative Assembly, support for forming a common front came from diverse leaders including M.M. Malviya (Hindu Mahasabha), Gandhi ji (Congress), and M.A. Jinnah (Muslim League). Despite their ideological differences, they saw value in united legislative action against colonial policies on specific issues.

Multiple choice

The Madras Province Swarajya Party was established in 1923 by

  1. N. M. Kelkar

  2. S. Satyamurti

  3. C. Rajagopalachari

  4. G. V. Agarkar
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

S. Satyamurti was the key figure who established the Madras Province Swarajya Party in 1923. He was a prominent lawyer and freedom fighter from Tamil Nadu who played a crucial role in organizing the Swaraj Party in the Madras Presidency. C. Rajagopalachari was actually opposed to the council entry program, while N.M. Kelkar and G.V. Agarkar were associated with other provinces.

Multiple choice

Which of the following former Chief Justices of India introduced the concept of Public Interest Litigation to avoid violation of Fundamental Rights?

  1. R. S. Pathak

  2. Ranganath Mishra

  3. P. N. Bhagwati

  4. E. S. Venkataramiah

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In Indian law, Public Interest Litigation is a litigation for the protection of the public interest. The concept of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is in consonance with the objects enshrined in Article 39A of the Constitution of India to protect and deliver prompt social justice with the help of law.  Justice P. N. Bhagwati introduced the concept of Public Interest Litigation in India.

Multiple choice

Who among the following was the Constitutional Adviser to the Constituent Assembly?

  1. Sachchidanand Sinha

  2. B. N. Rao

  3. N. Gopalaswamy

  4. H. N. Kunzru
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

B.N. Rao (B.N. Rau) was the Constitutional Adviser to the Constituent Assembly. He prepared the original draft of the Constitution after studying constitutions of various countries. Sachchidanand Sinha was the temporary President, N. Gopalaswamy was the Advisor to the Assembly, and H.N. Kunzru was a member. B.N. Rao's role was crucial in drafting the initial provisions.