Indian Flora and Fauna

Guindy National Park is located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It's one of the smallest national parks in India and is situated within the city limits, making it unique among Indian protected areas.

Hazaribag National Park is located in Jharkhand. It is one of India's oldest national parks, established in 1955, and is home to various wildlife species including tigers, leopards, sloth bears, and several species of deer. The park is situated in the Hazaribag district of Jharkhand state.

Kanha National Park is located in Madhya Pradesh. It is one of India's largest and most well-known national parks, famous for its tiger population and the hard-ground barasingha (swamp deer). The park inspired Rudyard Kipling's Jungle Book stories.

Ranthambore is the odd one out because it was already an established tiger reserve (since 1973), while Sahyadri and Sunabeda were newly created tiger reserves and Nagarhole National Park was being upgraded to a tiger reserve status.

In Hindu mythology, Yama (the god of death and justice) rides a buffalo or uses it as his vahana (vehicle). The buffalo is associated with Yama's role in transporting souls and administering justice.

Namdapha National Park is located in Arunachal Pradesh in the Eastern Himalaya biodiversity hotspot. It is the largest protected area in the Eastern Himalaya and is home to diverse wildlife including tigers, leopards, and endangered species like the Hoolock gibbon. The park spans altitudes from 200m to 4500m, giving it varied vegetation zones.

Periyar National Park in Thekkady, Kerala, is one of India's largest and most scenic tiger reserves, famous for its elephant population. You can observe elephants in their natural habitat from boat safaris on Periyar Lake. Bandipur and Mudumalai are also famous for elephants but Periyar is particularly renowned for its scenic beauty and elephant sightings.

Manas National Park in Assam is known for its tiger population, though it's not actually the maximum in India (Corbett Tiger Reserve has more). The question appears to be from a specific context or outdated source. Other options are significant wildlife areas but not primarily known for maximum tiger numbers.

The sangai or brow-antlered deer (Manipuri brow-antlered deer) is an endangered species found only in Manipur's Loktak Lake area. It's the state animal of Manipur. Gir forest is famous for lions, Kaziranga for rhinos, and Corbett for tigers.

India's tigers face multiple threats: historical hunting for sport and products, habitat loss from logging/encroachment, and ongoing poaching pressure. All factors (A, B, and C) contribute to the endangered status, making option D correct and comprehensive.

Of the approximately 3,500 tigers remaining in the wild globally, about 1,400 are found in India, which is home to the largest tiger population in the world due to its extensive tiger reserves and conservation efforts under Project Tiger.

India has established 37 tiger reserves (sanctuaries) under Project Tiger to provide protected habitats for the conservation of tigers and their ecosystems. These reserves are spread across various states in India.

These five are the remaining tiger subspecies - Amur/Siberian, Royal Bengal, Indo-chinese, South China, and Sumatran. Three others (Caspian, Javan, Bali) are extinct. African tigers never existed.

The three extinct tiger subspecies are Caspian (P.t. virgata), Javan (P.t. sondaica), and Bali (P.t. balica) tigers. South China and Sumatran tigers still exist (critically endangered), and African tigers never existed.

All statements are correct - white tigers are not a separate subspecies but a rare genetic variant of Bengal tigers, ranging from pure white to white with brown/black stripes, often with blue or amber eyes.