Indian Climate and Seasons

The average annual rainfall in India is widely cited as approximately 105 cm to 110 cm, making 105 cm the most accurate choice among the options.

Convectional rainfall is common in the hot and wet tropical rain forests of central Africa, Amazon basin of South America and the islands of south-east Asia. In the late afternoon, the clouds burst into a heavy downpour, often accompanied by thunder and lighting. It usually occurs at about 4 pm, so convectional rain is called 'four o'clock rain' and occurs daily in the equatorial regions.

Western disturbances are extratropical storms originating in the Mediterranean region that bring winter rainfall to the northwestern parts of India, particularly Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan.

Western disturbances, specifically the ones in winter, bring moderate to heavy rain in low-lying areas and heavy snow to mountainous areas of the Indian Subcontinent. They are the cause of most winter and pre-monsoon season rainfall across northwest India.

Rice requires more water than any other crop. As a result, paddy cultivation is done only in those areas where minimum rainfall is 115 cm. Although the regions are having average annual rainfall between 175—300 cm are the most suitable.

The Malnad region and the coastal plains of Karnataka, India, are located on the windward side of the Western Ghats and receive very heavy rainfall during the monsoon season.

The retreating monsoon season, which occurs after the southwest monsoon, is characterized by winds blowing from the northeast. Thus, it is commonly referred to as the North-east monsoon season.

• Agumbe is a small village located in Shimoga district in the Malnad region of Karnataka. 
  
• It is called "The Cherrapunji of the South".
  
• It receives the heaviest rainfall. 

Belagavi, located in the northern part of Karnataka, experiences lower temperatures during the winter season compared to the coastal districts.

During the rainy season in Karnataka, the influx of moisture-laden winds and cloud cover typically results in high temperatures, though it may feel humid.

Karnataka receives the vast majority of its rainfall during the southwest monsoon season; consequently, winter rainfall is minimal.

Nayakna Hatti, situated in the Chitradurga district, is known as one of the driest regions in Karnataka due to its location in the rain-shadow zone.

The retreating monsoon (northeast monsoon) contributes a relatively small portion of the total annual rainfall in Karnataka, typically cited as around 12 percent.

The eastern maidans are located in the rain-shadow area of the Western Ghats, resulting in low rainfall compared to the coastal and Malnad regions.