Biology

Human Reproductive System

751 Questions

The human reproductive system covers the anatomy of reproductive organs, gamete production, fertilization processes, and reproductive technologies. This is a highly scoring area in biology sections of competitive exams. Use these questions to practice key concepts.

Fertilization processGamete productionReproductive organ functionsAssisted reproductive technology

Human Reproductive System Questions

Multiple choice biology the life cycle of animals types of reproduction in animals oviparous and viviparous a study on animals

Yolk is synthesized in

  1. Liver

  2. Fat bodies

  3. Both A and B

  4. Sertoli cells
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process of formation of the yolk is known as vitellogenesis. These are generally used to nourish the developing embryo in oviparous animals. They are deposited during oocyte maturation for use after fertilization and are synthesized in the liver or fat bodies as a common precursor termed vitellogenin.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology the life cycle of animals types of reproduction in animals oviparous and viviparous a study on animals

Egg-producing animals such as birds are called as

  1. Unisexual

  2. Oviparous

  3. Viviparous

  4. Hermaphrodite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Unisexual is where the organism is either male or female.
Oviparous animals are those that lay eggs, with little or no other embryonic development within the mother.
Viviparous are animals that give birth to live young ones.
Hermaphrodite is the one which has both male and female reproductive organs.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology the life cycle of animals types of reproduction in animals oviparous and viviparous a study on animals

Egg laying animals are known as

  1. Viviparous

  2. Oviparous

  3. Sterile

  4. Hermaphrodite
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Oviparous animals lay an egg and the embryonic development takes place outside the human body. Example birds.
While viviparous animals are those that give birth to live young ones. Example human beings.

The sterile organisms are those which are not able to reproduce. Example- living organism suffering from injury after exposure to harmful radiation.
Hermaphrodite is the organism which has reproductive organs of both the sexes. Example earthworm.
So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice biology the life cycle of animals types of reproduction in animals oviparous and viviparous a study on animals

In these animals, the female retain the eggs inside the body after fertilisation and allows the development of embryo inside the body without providing extra nourishment to the developing embryo as the placenta is absent. Such animals are called as

  1. Oviparous animals

  2. Viviparous animals

  3. Ovoviviparous animals

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
In ovoviviparous animals, the female retain the eggs inside the body after fertilisation and allows the development of the embryo inside the body without providing extra nourishment to the development embryo as the placenta is absent. However, the female animals give birth to the young ones. Example of ovoviviparous animals are sharks and rattle snakes.
So, the correct answer is 'Ovoviviparous animals'.
Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Fusion of male and female gamete is termed as

  1. Reproduction

  2. Vegetative propagation

  3. Fertilization

  4. Respiration
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Reproduction is a process by which there is the production of a new organism by combining the genetic material of two different individuals. It occurs in eukaryotes. A process similar to sexual reproduction (conjugation, transduction, transformation) also takes place in prokaryote also but it is not a reproduction.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction why do plants reproduce? reproduction and variation the life cycle of plants

Number of spermatozoa, a single primary spermatocyte ultimately produced in spermatogenesis is

  1. 1

  2. 2

  3. 4

  4. 8
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation
The immature male germ cells (spermatogonia) produce sperms by spermatogenesis that begins at puberty. The spermatogonia present on the inside wall of seminiferous tubules multiply by mitotic division and increase in numbers. Each spermatogonium is diploid and contains 46 chromosomes. Some of the spermatogonia called primary spermatocytes periodically undergo meiosis. A primary spermatocyte completes the first meiotic division (reduction division) leading to the formation of two equal, haploid cells called secondary spermatocytes, which have only 23 chromosomes each. The secondary spermatocytes undergo the second meiotic division to produce four equal, haploid spermatids. 
Multiple choice biology butterfly and honey bee life cycle of a butterfly metamorphosis in frogs the life of a butterfly types of reproduction in animals oviparous and viviparous

(a) Zygote divides a number of times and forms a hollow ball-like structure called  (i). 

      It moves down and gets implanted in the uterus. It starts developing body parts and at this stage,          it is called (ii).

(b) (iii) is the period in life when a girl or a boy attains sexual maturity.

(c) Production of sex hormones is under the control of _(iv)_ gland.

(d) Metamorphosis in frog requires the presence of _(v)_ in water to produce thyroxine hormone.

Choose the correct option for any of the two blanks.

  1. (i) - Fetus, (iv) - Thymus

  2. (ii) - Embryo, (iv) - Pituitary

  3. (iii) - Adolescence , (v) - Calcium

  4. (ii) - Fetus , (iii) - Senescence
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
  • The four introductory phases of embryonic advancement are the morula organize, 
  • the blastula arranges, the gastrula arranges and the neurula organizes.
  •  The front pituitary organ delivers the accompanying hormones and discharges them into the circulation system: adrenocorticotropic hormone, which animates the adrenal organs to emit steroid hormones.

So, the correct option is '(ii) - Embryo, (iv) - Pituitary'.
Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Following table summarises the differences between self-fertilisation and cross-fertilisation. Pick out the wrong difference.

  1. Self-fertilisation - It is uniparental, Cross-fertilisation - It is biparental

  2. Self-fertilisation - It involves the fusion of male and female gametes of the same parent, Cross-fertilisation - It involves the fusion of two gametes produced by different parents

  3. Self-fertilisation - Examples : Pheretima, Periplaneta, Cross-fertilisation - Examples : Taenia, Rana tigrina

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Self-fertilisation occurs in Taenia, while cross-fertilisation occurs in Pheretima, Periplaneta and Rana tigrina.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Given below are a few statements related to external fertilisation. Choose the correct statements.
(i) The male and female gametes are formed and released simultaneously.
(ii) Only a few gametes are released into the medium.
(iii) Water is the medium in a majority of organisms exhibiting external fertilisation.
(iv) Offspring formed as a result of external fertilisation have better chance of survival than those formed inside an organism.

  1. (iii) and (iv)

  2. (i) and (iii)

  3. (ii) and (iv)

  4. (i) and (iv)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In external fertilization, gametes are released into the medium (usually water) simultaneously to increase the chance of fusion. However, offspring are highly vulnerable to predators, meaning they do not have a better chance of survival.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Mark the correct one.

  1. Labeo- Internal fertilization

  2. Frog - Internal fertilization

  3. Birds - External fertilization

  4. Balaenoptera - internal fertilization
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
  • Balaenoptera which designates genus is a combination of two Latin words, Balaena (meaning whale) and "pteron" (meaning fin). It thus means a whale having a dorsal fin so as to distinguish from Balaena (meaning whale without dorsal fin). "Musculus" designating species is a Latin word originally meaning a "mouse.
  • In mammals, reptiles, birds, and some types of fish the gametes meet inside of the female's body. This is called internal fertilization. 
  • As Balaenoptera is a mammal the fertilization in Balaenoptera is internaL.
  • so, the correct answer is  'Balaenoptera - internal fertilization'.
Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Fertilization is

  1. Union of diploid spermatozoon with diploid ovum to form diploid zygote.

  2. Union of haploid sperm with haploid ovum to form haploid zygote.

  3. Union of haploid sperm with haploid ovum to form diploid zygote.

  4. Union of diploid sperm with haploid ovum to form triploid zygote.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Sexual reproduction in animals involves the production and fusion of two types of gametes (haploid cells) sperm and eggs. Typically, two different individuals are required. A male parent contributes sperm, and a female parent contributes an egg, or ovum. The sperm provides genes coding for some of the male parents traits, and the egg contributes genes coding for some of the female parents traits. The egg is typically large and nonmotile, with a store of nutrients that supports the development of the embryo. The sperm is usually small and motile and adapted to propel itself by beating its long, whip like flagellum. When sperm and egg unite, a (diploid) zygote, or fertilized egg, is produced. The zygote develops into a new animal, similar to both parents but not identical to either. Sexual reproduction typically involves remarkably complex structural, functional, and behavioural processes. In vertebrates, hormones secreted by the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and gonads regulate these processes.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

In sexual reproducing animals, the union of male and female gamete forms a cell, which is called as

  1. Ovarian cell

  2. Oocyte

  3. Zygote

  4. Graafian follicle
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Ovarian cell is the cells of ovary.
Oocyte is the female gametocyte or germ cell. It is involved in reproduction.
Zygote is the diplod cell, formed by the fusion of two gametes i.e., by the fusion of male gamete (sperm) or female gamete (ovum).
Graafian follicle is the mature follicle in the ovary of mammals. It contains cavity, which is filled by liquid and it ruptures during ovulation to release ovum.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

In oogamy fertilisation involves,

  1. A small non-motile female, gamete and large motile male gamete

  2. A large non-motile female gamete, and a small motile male gamete

  3. A large non-motile female gamete and a small non-motile male gamete

  4. A large motile female gemete and a small non-mbtile male gamete.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In oogamy, fertilization involves the fusion of a large non-motile female gamete and a small motile male gamete. The large motile female gamete is the ovum which is produced in the ovary. The ovum after maturation is released from the ovary under the influence of LH hormone. The small motile male gametes are known as sperm which is produced in the testis. The two dissimilar gametes fuse to form a diploid zygote by the process of syngamy.

So, the correct answer is option B.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Regarding fertilization which among the following statements is incorrect

  1. It restores diploid condition in the zygote

  2. It activates egg both physiologically and metabolically

  3. Paternal and maternal sets contribute to the diploid number without causing any variation

  4. It determines the sex of the offspring
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The process of fusion between haploid male nucleus and egg nucleus is known as amphimixis. It is also known as syngamy. The process is known as fertilization which leads to formation of a diploid zygote and restores diploid condition in zygote. The statement is true.

Fertilization activates the egg physically and leads to formation of fertilization cone to prevent polyspermy. It also brings changes in permeability. The eggs become metabolically active and allows division of nucleus and forms embryo. The statement is true.
Sexual reproduction leads to the recombination of character in the pachytene stage of the meiosis which causes variation. So, the statement is false.

Fertilization determines the sex. Men have an X and a Y. So, each of their sperm carries one of the 2 sex chromosomes, which sex chromosome is in the sperm that fertilizes the egg dictates the baby's sex. The statement is true.

So, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice botany modes of reproduction fertilization in organisms sexual reproduction in organisms reproduction in organisms

Fertilization is fusion of

  1. Diploid spermatozoan with diploid ovum to form a diploid zygote

  2. Haploid spermatozoan with diploid ovum to form a diploid zygote

  3. Diploid spermatozoan with haploid ovum to form a diploid zygote

  4. Haploid spermatozoan with haploid ovum to form a diploid zygote
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fertilization is the process of union of a haploid sperm cell with haploid ovum to form a diploid zygote.

So the correct answer is 'Haploid spermatozoan with haploid ovum to form a diploid zygote.'