Biology

Human Reproductive System

751 Questions

The human reproductive system covers the anatomy of reproductive organs, gamete production, fertilization processes, and reproductive technologies. This is a highly scoring area in biology sections of competitive exams. Use these questions to practice key concepts.

Fertilization processGamete productionReproductive organ functionsAssisted reproductive technology

Human Reproductive System Questions

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

The second maturation division of the mammalian ovum occurs

  1. shortly after mutation before the ovum makes entry into the Fallopian tube

  2. Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm

  3. Until the nucleus of the sperm has fused with that of the ovum

  4. In the Graafian follicle following the first maturation division
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
During oogenesis, primary oocyte grows and completes meiosis I (first maturation division) producing a large secondary oocyte and a small polar body. The secondary oocyte proceeds with meiosis II (second maturation division) but the diyision gets arrested at metaphase stage. It is in this stage of oocyte that the ovum is shed during ovulation. It passes into oviduct, where the cell cycle resumes only after the entry of sperm.
So, the correct answer is 'Until after the ovum has been penetrated by a sperm'.
Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) during infancy and adulthood is the same but spermatogenesis is seen only during adulthood. mRNA levels coding for FSH receptors are also found to be same in testis of both age groups. Which of the following investigations will clarify this paradox a little more?

  1. Culture testcular cells and add to see testosterone production.

  2. Culture testicular cells and add testosterone to see comparative rise in FSH mRNA from both age groups.

  3. Culture testicular cells and FSH to see comparative rise in cAMP production by both age groups.

  4. Add both LH and FSH to testicular cells and evaluate cAMP production.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

In males, FSH and LH are secreted by hypothalamus. FSH stimulates Sertoli cells of the testes to secrete androgen binding protein (ABP) that concentrates testosterone in seminiferous tubules. LH stimulates interstitial cells (leydig's cells) of the testes to secrete androgens testosterone. Androgens stimulate germinal epithelium to undergo spermatogenesis.

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Arrange the following stages of fertilisation and early development into a proper sequence.
I. Sperm entry
II. Acrosomal reaction
III. Karyogamy
IV. Capacitation
V. Cortical reaction

  1. I, III, II, IV, V

  2. III, V, I, IV, II

  3. IV, II, V, I, III

  4. V, I, IV, II, III
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Fertilization can be described as the following steps:
1. Sperm Capacitation. 
2. Sperm-Zona Pellucida Binding. 
3. The Acrosome Reaction. 
4. Penetration of the Zona Pellucida. 
5. Sperm-Oocyte Binding.
6. Egg Activation and the Cortical Reaction. 
7. The Zona Reaction.
8. Post-fertilization Events.
So, the correct option is 'I, III, II, IV, V'.
Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Which of the following events occur in the part of human reproductive system? 

  1. Fertilisation

  2. Implantation

  3. Both of them

  4. None of them
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

  • Fertilization is the process of the fusion of the male and the female gamete. This process takes place in the ampullary region of the fallopian tube. 
  • The implantation is the process of attachment of the fetus to the wall of the uterus. Both of these events occur in the parts of the female reproductive system. 
Thus, the correct answer is option C. 

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Fertilization is the fusion of sperm and ovum.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Fertilization is the fusion of male and female gametes to initiate the development of a new individual by the formation of diploid cell i.e., the zygote.  In mammals including humans, fertilization is internal, takes place inside the human body.
Thus, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Fertilization occurs in human, rabbit and other placental mammals in

  1. Ovary

  2. Uterus

  3. Fallopian tubes

  4. Vagina
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

In most mammals fertilization of the ovum takes place in the fallopian tubes. After fertilization initial process of cell division occurs in the fallopian tube that leads to the formation of the morula and blastula stage. After this Blastula enters the uterine cavity (the inside of the uterus).

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Fertilization in humans is practically feasible only if

  1. the ovum and sperms are transported simultaneously to ampullary - isthmic junction of the fallopian tube

  2. the ovum and sperms are transported simultaneously to ampullary - isthmic junction of the cervix
  3. the sperms are transported into cervix within $48$ hours of release to ovum in uterus

  4. the sperms are transported into vagina just after the release of ovum in fallopian tube.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
Ampulla averages 5–8 cm in length. It is within this highly ciliated portion of the oviduct that fertilization and early embryo development occur. The ampulla is most often also the site for ectopic implantation (ectopic pregnancy). The next region, approximately 2–3 cm in length, is the isthmus. Like the ampulla, it too is ciliated yet less densely so. The isthmus is thought to regulate sperm and embryo transport.
So, the correct option is 'the ovum and sperms are transported 'simultaneously to ampullary - isthmic junction of the fallopian tube'
Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

The process of union of male gamete with egg cell is called ________.

  1. Fertilization

  2. Pollution

  3. Double fertilization

  4. Germination
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The process in which union of male and female gametes (formed by gametogenesis) and fusion of pronuclei of sperm and egg (ovum) takes place is called fertilization. The resultant product of fertilization is called zygote 

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events that occur in human reproduction? 

  1. Gametogenesis $\rightarrow$ Gestation $\rightarrow$ Insemination $\rightarrow$ Fertilisation $\rightarrow$ Implantation $\rightarrow$ parturition
  2. Gametogenesis $\rightarrow$Insemination$\rightarrow$ Fertilisation $\rightarrow$ Implantation $\rightarrow$ Gestation $\rightarrow$ parturition
  3. Gametogenesis $\rightarrow$ Insemination$\rightarrow$ Gestation $\rightarrow$ Fertilisation $\rightarrow$ Implantation $\rightarrow$ parturition
  4. Gestation $\rightarrow$ Gametogenesis $\rightarrow$ Insemination $\rightarrow$ Implantation $\rightarrow$ Fertilisation $\rightarrow$ parturition
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The sequence of events occurring in case of Human reproduction are:

Gametogenesis is the process of formation of gametes from germ cells.
Insemination is the deposition of semen containing sperm into the vagina of female.

Fertilisation is the process of fusion of male and female gametes for the formation of zygote.
Implantation is the process of embedding of formed zygote after fertilisation into the endometrium of the uterus.
Gestation is the process of development of the foetus inside the uterus till till it is fully developed to be delivered.
Parturition is the process of delivery of fully formed foetus.
So, the correct answer is 'Gametogenesis $\rightarrow$ Insemination $\rightarrow$ Fertilisation $\rightarrow$ Implantation $\rightarrow$ Gestation $\rightarrow$ Parturition'.

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

In which one of the following parts of the female reproductive system  fertilization takes place? 

  1. Uterus

  2. Oviduct

  3. Vagina

  4. Ovary

  5. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

the site of fertilization ( union of male of female gametes) in human beings is in the Fallopian tube/ Oviduct ( specifically the ampullary-isthmic junction) in the female reproductive tract.

So, the correct option is 'Oviduct'.

Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

State true or false

 
(i) A zygote is always formed inside the body.
(ii) Zygote may represent "overwintering stage" in life cycle of an organism

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation
A zygote is formed inside the body if the fertilization is internal and it can also develop outside the body if the fertilization is external. Overwintering stage is the process by which some organisms pass through or wait out the winter season. But zygote does not represent the overwintering stage in the life cycle of the organism.
So the correct answer is 'False'.
Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

All copulations do not lead to fertilization and pregnancy because?

  1. All mating does not result in transport of sperm and ovum simultaneously at ampulla

  2. Survival duration of both sperm and ovum is same

  3. Number of sperms and ovum varies

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation
All copulation does not lead to fertilization and pregnancy because all mating does not result in transport of sperm and ovum simultaneously at ampulla.
The ovum has to be present in the ampulla of fallopian tube, so when the sperm reaches, it fertilizes and causes pregnancy.
It is very important for sperm and ovum to be present at the same time in ampulla, to cause fertilization and pregnancy.
Correct Answer -[A] option.
Multiple choice biology for the continuity of generation fertilization in human being fertilization in humans human fertilization

A new human individual develops from a cell called as gamete.

  1. True

  2. False
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

A gamete is a haploid cell that fuses with another cell during fertilization in organisms and results in the formation of a diploid zygote. This zygote is the earliest developmental stage of embryo form which the organism develops.
Thus, the correct answer is option B.