Biology

Human Reproductive System

751 Questions

The human reproductive system covers the anatomy of reproductive organs, gamete production, fertilization processes, and reproductive technologies. This is a highly scoring area in biology sections of competitive exams. Use these questions to practice key concepts.

Fertilization processGamete productionReproductive organ functionsAssisted reproductive technology

Human Reproductive System Questions

Multiple choice

Which among the following statements is applied to sexual reproduction in human beings?

  1. A mature sperm is consisted of 2 complete sets of chromosomes.

  2. At the time of parturition, an ovary contains all the oocytes it will ever have.

  3. Both primary and secondary spermatocytes divide by mitosis to form spermatids.

  4. The ova are also known as female zygotes.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

During spermatogenesis, the number of chromosomes is halved by meiosis. The primary spermatocytes undergo two meiotic divisions to give rise to spermatids. As a result, mature sperms are haploid. This is also true of a mature ovum, which undergoes meiosis prior to ovulation. A zygote is a fertilized egg.

Multiple choice

Which of the following processes takes place in the testis?

  1. Sertoli cells allow the free diffusion of water-soluble materials across the seminiferous tubules and the blood

  2. Leydig cells secrete testosterone

  3. Sertoli cells respond to testosterone by producing androgen binding protein

  4. In human male, the sertoli cells border the seminiferous tubules & give rise to the sperm.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In the testes, these are the groups of cells called the interstitial cells of Leydig. Their main purpose is to produce the hormone, i.e. testosterone.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true regarding the sperm and ova?

  1. In a normal human male, the sperm count is about 20-40 million.

  2. Just after ejaculation, the sperm can fertilise an ovum.

  3. In human females, the fertilized egg secretes hPL to maintain the corpus luteum.

  4. The human egg cell completes its second meiotic division after sperm penetration.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

During the I meiotic division in oogenesis, a large secondary oocyte is produced. The secondary oocyte will divide to produce an egg and a polar body. The polar bodies, although dysfunctional, contain a full set of chromosomes. Meiosis in females starts at birth and halts in the prophase I, and it does not resume until puberty. The II meiotic division will resume after the penetration of sperm.

Multiple choice

Select the true statement regarding the sexual reflexes and fertilization.

  1. Erection in a penis is a sympathetic reflex.

  2. During ejaculation in human males, the sperms are mixed with secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles.

  3. Fertilization normally occurs in the uterus.

  4. Fertilization may takes place three or more days after ovulation.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is true as the function of the prostate is to secrete a slightly alkaline, milky fluid, making 20-30% of the volume of the semen along with spermatozoa and seminal vesicle fluid.

Multiple choice

Select the correct statement regarding the sexual development of the developing embryo.

  1. The sex of an individual is determined by a single gene on the Y chromosome.

  2. In the absence of a Y chromosome, the sexual development of a develpoing embryo will follow the male pattern.

  3. The development of the fetal gonads into the female type depends on the presence of estrogens.

  4. The sex of an individual is determined by a set of genes on the X chromosome.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The sex of an individual is determined by a single gene on the Y chromosome. In the absence of a Y chromosome, the development of the gonads will follow the female pattern.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements characterises the sexual reproduction in humans?

  1. A mature human sperm contains a complete set of chromosomes.

  2. Primary spermatocytes divide by mitosis to give rise to spermatids.

  3. At parturition an ovary contains all the oocytes it will ever have.

  4. The sperms are known as male zygotes.

  5. In mammals, fertilization occurs in the uterus of a female.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

This is the correct answer. At birth, a human ovary contains about 2,00,000 eggs. They each are enclosed in a single layer of cells called the primordial follicles. The ovaries do not produce any more eggs. Women are born with all of the eggs they will ever have.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements is true regarding the sexual reflexes and fertilization in humans?

  1. Erection in males is a sympathetic reflex.

  2. During ejaculation, the sperms are mixed with secretions from the prostate and seminal vesicles.

  3. In females, the fertilization occurs in the uterus.

  4. Fertilization may occur two or more days after ovulation.

  5. The ejaculatory duct passes through the vas deferens in males.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Semen is a viscous whitish secretion of the male reproductive organs during ejaculation containing spermatozoa and consisting of secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral glands.

Multiple choice

Which among the following characterises the events taking place in the testis?

  1. Sertoli cells line the seminiferous tubules and boost the developing sperm in males.

  2. Sertoli cells reciprocate, to testosterone by synthesising androgen binding protein.

  3. Sertoli cells allow the unrestrained diffusion of water-soluble substances between the seminiferous tubules and the blood.

  4. Leydig cells secrete testosterone.

  5. Sertoli cells also known as mother cells prevent, the residual cytoplasm during spermatogenesis.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As a consequence of stimulation with luteinizing hormone the interstitial cells (Leydig) secrete testosterone into the intertubular tissue, where it is absorbed by blood vessels, lymphatics, and the seminiferous tubules.
 

Multiple choice

Which of the following helps in determining the sex of the offspring in mammals?

  1. Spermatogonium

  2. Secondary spermatocytes

  3. Primary spermatocytes

  4. Spermatids

  5. Spermatozoon
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

A spermatozoon  is a motile sperm cell, or moving form of the haploid cell that is the male gamete. A spermatozoon joins an ovum to form a zygote. In mammals, the sex of the offspring is determined by the sperm cell: a spermatozoon bearing a Y chromosome will lead to a male (XY) offspring, while one bearing an X chromosome will lead to a female (XX) offspring.

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding the sertoli cells is INCORRECT?

  1. The sertoli cells consume the unneeded portions of the spermatozoa.

  2. Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.

  3. Sertoli cells are also knownas the mother cell.

  4. Sertoli cells helps in the translocation of germ cells.

  5. Sertoli cells are activated by testosterone.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
E Correct answer
Explanation

Sertoli cells are activated by follicle-stimulating hormone and has FSH-receptor on its membranes. It is specifically located in the convoluted seminiferous tubules

Multiple choice

Which of the following statements regarding the cells present in the testis of mammals is CORRECT?

  1. Sertoli cells line the seminiferous tubules and boost the developing sperm in males.

  2. Leydig cells provides nutrition to the spermatozoas.

  3. Sertoli cells reciprocate to testosterone by synthesising androgen binding protein.

  4. Leydig cells secrete testosterone.

  5. Sertoli cells allows the unrestrained diffusion of water-soluble substances between the seminiferous tubules and the blood.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

As a consequence of stimulation with luteinising hormone the interstitial cells (Leydig) secrete testosterone into the intertubular tissue, where it is absorbed by blood vessels, lymphatics, and the seminiferous tubules.