Human Reproductive System

Globozoospermia is caused when golgi apparatus is not transformed into acrosome, which is needed for fertilisation; sperms are with round heads.

Syngamy is the fusion of the nuclei of sperm and ovum (male and female gametes). This nuclear fusion is the key event in fertilization, combining genetic material from both parents. Option A describes cytoplasmic fusion which may accompany but doesn't define syngamy. Option C is incorrect (syngamy is cellular, not organismal). Option D describes conjugation, a different process in some microorganisms.

Human sperm cells contain 23 chromosomes (haploid number), which is half the 46 chromosomes found in somatic cells. This ensures that when sperm fertilizes an egg (also 23 chromosomes), the resulting zygote has the normal diploid number of 46.

Semen is a viscous whitish secretion of the male reproductive organs during ejaculation containing spermatozoa and consisting secretions of the testes, seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands.

This is the correct answer. At birth, a human ovary contains about 2,00,000 eggs. They are enclosed in a single layer of cells called the primordial follicles. The ovaries do not produce any more egg. Women are born with all of the eggs they ever have.

As a consequence of stimulation with luteinizing hormone, the interstitial cells (Leydig) secrete testosterone into the intertubular tissue, where it is absorbed by blood vessels, lymphatics, and the seminiferous tubules.

The seminal vesicles produce a yellowish viscous fluid that contains high concentration of sperm activating chemicals such as fructose. Fructose in semen reflects the secretory function of seminal vesicles.

The gonad is the organ that makes gametes. The gonads in males are the testes and the gonads in females are the ovaries.

Impotency often called erectile dysfunction is the inability to achieve or maintain an erection long enough to engage in sexual intercourse.

The mesonephric duct also known as wolffian duct is a paired organ found in mammals including humans during embryogenesis.

The duct from each seminal vesicle joins the corresponding vas deferens to form the ejaculatory duct, which then passes between the lobes of the prostate gland and empties into the urethra.

Semen is a very viscous fluid. It clots readily due to the presence of fibrinogen but the clot is rapidly broken down by fibrinolysin of prostatic fluid. This enzyme can liquify the congealed semen after ejaculation.

Egg and sperm fertlizes in the middle part of the fallopian tubes, also known as oviducts.

Sperm cells are streamlined and propel themselves using a flagellum (tail) that whips in a coordinated manner to swim toward the egg. Option C is correct. Option A is incorrect because sperm have a single flagellum, not cilia. Option B is false - sperm are highly motile cells designed specifically to reach the egg.