Genetics and Plant Breeding

A cross between F1 and homozygous recessive parental combination is called test cross.

AaBb parents produce 25% AB, 25% Ab , 25% aB and 25% ab gametes. Therefore, this is the right option.

If a haemophilic man marries a woman carrier for haemophilia, the possibility that their daughter would be haemophilic is 50%.

Golden rice contains high concentration of vitamin A. This genetically modified rice is capable of producing beta-carotene in the grain, which is a precursor for vitamin A.

Tt X Tt = TT Tt Tt tt

The fruit will be round yellow.

T present in the plant is enough to make it tall. Hence, both TT and Tt plants are tall.

This trait is quantitative in nature. 

This is the correct option.

Hutchinson conducted extensive genetic studies and crosses in maize. Bateson and Punnett are associated with Mendelian genetics in peas, while Sinnott worked with squash and other plants.

Reciprocal cross involves crossing the same traits but switching the sexes of parents (e.g., white male × black female, then black male × white female). If offspring ratios are identical, it proves parental sex doesn't affect inheritance of that trait. Monohybrid/dihybrid describe trait numbers, test cross tests genotype.

Epistatic genes follow Mendel's law of independent assortment because the F1 hybrid produces four types of gametes in equal proportions (AB, Ab, aB, ab) even though phenotypic ratios may be modified by gene interactions. This maintains the fundamental principle of independent segregation.

Maize (corn) shows clear linkage because it has 10 pairs of chromosomes and many genes have been mapped on the same chromosomes. Linkage is more easily observed in organisms with fewer chromosomes and well-studied inheritance patterns like maize.