Law Legal Studies · Civics Polity

Fundamental and Human Rights

1,374 Questions

This set of questions covers fundamental rights, human rights, and constitutional provisions like the Right against Exploitation. It also explores international declarations and individual liberties. These topics are frequently tested in UPSC and state PSC examinations.

Constitutional provisionsInternational human rightsRight to privacyMinority rightsRight against exploitation

Fundamental and Human Rights Questions

Multiple choice

Which of the following amendments accorded precedence to Directive Principles over Fundamental Rights?

  1. 44th Amendment

  2. 24th Amendment

  3. 39th Amendment

  4. 42nd Amendment
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

On 31 July 1980, in its judgement on Minerva Mills v. Union of India, the Supreme Court declared unconstitutional two provisions of the 42nd Amendment which prevent any constitutional amendment from being "called in question in any Court on any ground" and accord precedence to the Directive Principles of State Policy over the Fundamental Rights of individuals.

Multiple choice

Respect for National Flag and National Anthem is

  1. fundamental right of every citizen

  2. fundamental duty of every citizen

  3. directive principle of State Policy

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Constitution of India in Part IV A under Article 51A (added by the 42nd amendment) provides Fundamental Duties of every citizen of Indian. In its first clause, it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.

Multiple choice

Which of the following rights is guaranteed to the citizens of India as a freedom under Article 19 of the Constitution?

  1. Right to vote

  2. Right to citizenship

  3. Right to contest election

  4. Right to assemble peacefully without arms
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Article 19(1) of the Indian Constitution provides that all citizens shall have the right (a) to freedom of speech and expression; (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms; (c) to form associations or unions; (d) to move freely throughout the territory of India; (e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India; (f) to practise any profession or to carry on any occupation, trade or business

Multiple choice

There is no importance of the Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution if it has not provided

  1. Right to Constitutional remedy

  2. Right of equality

  3. Right of property

  4. Right of amendment in the Constitution
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Article 32 (Right to Constitutional Remedies) gives citizens the right to approach the Supreme Court for enforcement of Fundamental Rights. Dr. Ambedkar called this the 'heart and soul of the Constitution' because without this remedy, Fundamental Rights would be meaningless and unenforceable.

Multiple choice

Which right in India is a Constitutional right, but not a fundamental right?

  1. Right to freedom of religion.

  2. Cultural and educational rights.

  3. Right against exploitation.

  4. Right to property.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Right to Property was removed from Fundamental Rights by the 44th Amendment (1978) and reclassified as a constitutional right under Article 300A. All other options - freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, and right against exploitation - remain as Fundamental Rights under Articles 25-28, 29-30, and 23-24 respectively.

Multiple choice

Which of the fundamental rights are also enjoyed by the non-citizens in India?

  1. Rights under Article 14
  2. Rights under Article 21
  3. Rights under Article 19
  4. Rights under Article 16

  1. Only 1 & 2

  2. Only 1, 2 & 3

  3. Only 2 & 3

  4. All of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Non-citizens in India enjoy basic fundamental rights such as Article 14 - Right to Equality and Article 21 - Right to Life; the other fundamental rights are only available to the citizens of India.

Multiple choice

Which of the following fundamental rights are available to Indian citizens but not to aliens?

I. Equality before law

II. freedom of expression and speech

III. Rights of minorities to conserve their language and culture

IV. protection to life and liberty

  1. I, II and IV

  2. II and IV

  3. I and IV

  4. II and III

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Fundamental Rights are available to all persons including aliens with exceptions. Equality before law (Article 14), protection to life and liberty (Article 21) are available to everyone. Freedom of speech (Article 19) and minority rights (Article 29) are ONLY for citizens. So II and III are correct.

Multiple choice

Which of the following comes under Rights to Equality? I. Non - discrimination be state on grounds of religion or race II. Equal protection of the laws III. Equal pay for equal work IV. Equality of opportunity in matters of employment under the state

  1. I, II and III

  2. II, III and IV

  3. II and IV

  4. I, II and IV

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Rights to Equality under Articles 14, 15, and 16 include non-discrimination by state (Article 15), equal protection of laws (Article 14), and equality of opportunity in public employment (Article 16). Equal pay for equal work is a Directive Principle (Article 39), not a Fundamental Right. Therefore, only I, II, and IV are correct.

Multiple choice

Which of the following factors do not explain why the rights included in part III of the constitution are called fundamental? I. they are equally available to citizen and aliens II. they are superior to ordinary law III. they are fundamental for governing the country IV. they are not absolute

  1. I and II

  2. II, III and IV

  3. I and IV

  4. I, II, III and IV

Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Fundamental Rights are superior to ordinary law (II) and are not absolute (IV). However, the question asks which factors do NOT explain why they are 'fundamental'. That they are available to both citizens and aliens (I) and that they are not absolute (IV) are not defining characteristics of why they are termed 'fundamental' - these are incidental features.

Multiple choice

Which of the following is not included in the directive principles of state policy?

  1. Prohibition of liquor

  2. Right to work

  3. Equal wage for equal work

  4. Right to information
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Right to Information is a Fundamental Right under Article 19(1)(a) (freedom of speech) and was enacted by a separate RTI Act 2005 - it is NOT part of Directive Principles. Prohibition of liquor, Right to work, and Equal pay for equal work ARE explicitly mentioned in Directive Principles (Articles 47, 41, and 39 respectively).

Multiple choice

The right to vote in elections to a Parliament is a

  1. fundamental right

  2. political right

  3. legal right

  4. natural right
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The right to vote is not a fundamental right as its violation cannot be challenged in court of law. It is not a legal right. It is a constitutional right which has been granted by Indian constitution.

Multiple choice

Right to education to all children between the age of 6 to 14 years is�

  1. Included in the directive principles of state policy

  2. A Fundamental Right

  3. A Statutory Right

  4. None of these
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (2009) made education a Fundamental Right under Article 21A of the Constitution. Prior to this amendment, the right to education was part of the Directive Principles of State Policy (Article 45). The 86th Constitutional Amendment elevated it from a non-justiciable directive principle to a justiciable fundamental right.

Multiple choice

The theory of Fundamental Rights implies?

  1. Equality of all before law

  2. Limited Government

  3. Equality of opportunity for all

  4. None of these.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Fundamental Rights place limitations on governmental power by protecting individual liberties against state action. They enforce the doctrine of limited government - the state cannot arbitrarily deprive citizens of life, liberty, or property except according to established procedure. While equality before law is also a fundamental right, the theory itself is about constraining governmental authority.

Multiple choice

Consider the following statements:

A. According to Article 358, the six fundamental rights listed under Article 19 can be suspended when a state of National Emergency is declared. B. According to Article 359, the President has the right to suspend the right to move to any court for the enforcement of fundamental rights during a National Emergency, except those mentioned in Articles 20 and 21.

Which of the above statements is/are true?

  1. Only A

  2. Only B

  3. Both A and B

  4. Neither A nor B

  5. Sometimes A is true and sometimes B is true depending upon the time.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

It is true.