Biology · Environmental Studies

Forestry and Plant Sciences

1,005 Questions

Review important biological concepts with these questions on forestry and plant sciences. The topics include non-timber forest products, timber wood types, lichen growth, and tree structures. This content is ideal for students preparing for agriculture and biology exams.

Industrial wood productionLichen growth patternsNon-timber forest productsPapilionaceous timber woodsTree crown typesFast growing trees

Forestry and Plant Sciences Questions

Multiple choice botany plants in daily life types of wood importance of plants secondary growth in stem

Older resin-clogged central secondary xylem and younger outer secondary xylem are respectively known as

  1. Alburnum and duramen

  2. Duramen and alburnum

  3. Autumn wood and springwood

  4. Springwood and autumn wood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

In dicotyledonous stems, during intra stellar secondary growth, a ring of cambium called vascular cambium is formed.  In the plants growing temperate regions, the activity of vascular cambium is influenced by the existence of maximum seasonal variations. In the spring or early summer, due to the existence of favourable conditions, a large amount of secondary xylem is formed. it is called Springwood or early wood. In the autumn season, due to the presence of unfavourable conditions, less amount of wood is formed. it is called autumn wood or latewood.  A spring wood and autumn wood together form into an annual ring. Every annual ring becomes sapwood, it is light coloured, peripheral functional wood and every sap wood gradually transform into heat wood, it is inner or central dark coloured non-functional wood contains resin clogged structures called tyloses. 

So, the correct answer is 'Duramen and alburnum'.

Multiple choice botany plants in daily life types of wood importance of plants secondary growth in stem

Gymnosperms are soft-wooded as they lack

  1. Cambium

  2. Phloem fibres

  3. Thick-walled tracheids

  4. Xylem vessels
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

In coniferous gymnosperms, secondary growth takes place by the formation of vascular cambium. it produces secondary xylem or wood towards its innerside and secondary phloem or bast towards outerside. Secondary xylem, shows more number of vessels without pores. So these are called non-porous vessesl. So the wood is called soft wood or non-porous wood.

So, the correct option is 'xylem vessel'.

Multiple choice botany plants in daily life types of wood importance of plants secondary growth in stem

Heteroxylous wood occurs in

  1. Angiosperms

  2. Gymnosperms

  3. Pteridophytes

  4. Winteraceae, Tetracentraceae and Trochondendraceae
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Secondary xylem is of different types is called heteroxylous wood. In this, the formation of sapwood and heartwood takes place. It is mostly found in dicotyledons.

So, the correct option is ‘Angiosperms’.

Multiple choice botany plants in daily life types of wood importance of plants secondary growth in stem
In temperate regions, during spring season, cambium is very active and produces a large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities. Wood formed in this way is called as

  1. spring wood

  2. autumn wood

  3. early wood

  4. both (a) and (c)
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

Cambium activity is influenced by the climatic changes The cambium is more active during the spring that forms plenty of xylem vessels with wider cavities also called as earlywood or the spring wood. Springwood constitutes a major part of the annual ring and occurs at the beginning of an annual ring. It contains larger and wider elements and wood is lighter in color.

So, the correct option is 'both (a) and (c)'.

Multiple choice botany plants in daily life types of wood importance of plants secondary growth in stem
In temperate regions, cambium is less active during winter season and forms fewer xylary elements that have narrow vessels, this wood is called as

  1. spring wood

  2. autumn wood

  3. heartwood

  4. sapwood
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Cambium activity is influenced by the climatic changes The cambium is more active during the spring that forms plenty of xylem vessels with wider cavities also called as early wood. In winter this activity slows down and gives rise to narrower xylem elements. This is the late wood or autumn wood. 

So, the correct answer is, 'autumn wood'.

Multiple choice botany plants in daily life types of wood importance of plants secondary growth in stem

Early wood differs from latewood in

  1. Being produced in winter

  2. Presence of narrow vessels

  3. Being light in colour

  4. Possessing high density
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

  • In the spring season, cambium is very active and produces a large number of xylary elements having vessels with wider cavities and form spring or earlywood and has light colour with lower density while late or autumn wood is formed in winter and vessels are less in number with a narrow lumen which is dark in color with high density.

So the correct option is 'Being produced in winter'.

Multiple choice evs forests and life forest - the dwelling place of animals forest and its importance introduction to forests conservation of forest and wildlife wildlife

'Social foresty' aims at

  1. growing different types of plantations together

  2. growing one type of tree on the land

  3. management of forests by village bodies

  4. management of forests by cooperative societies.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Social forestry refers to the management and protection of forests and afforestation on barren lands with the purpose of helping environmental, social, and rural development, often involving local communities.

Multiple choice geography economic activity people and resources utilisation of europe europe - peninsula of asia continents: europe

The softwood trees of the Scandinavian and the  Alpine regions are __________.

  1. Birch, Fir, Balsam, Jack

  2. Pine cedar, Polar

  3. Spruce, maple

  4. all of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

The softwood trees of the Scandinavian and the  Alpine regions are Birch, Fir, Balsam, Jack,Pine cedar, Polar,Spruce, maple, etc.
There are many alpine plant species in this region not found anywhere else in Europe, but often in the Arctic and sometimes in mountain areas in North America. In addition to birch trees include aspen, Scots pine, Juniperus communis, grey alder, rowan, goat willow and bird cherry. Some of the characteristic herbst are Aconitum lycoctonum, bilberry (blueberry) and Rubus chamaemorus, the latter typically growing on the numerous bogs.

Multiple choice biology multicellular structure: tissue defense mechanism in plants epidermal tissue system kinds of plant tissue permanent tissues and their types

Which would do maximum harm to a tree?

  1. Loss of half of its leaves

  2. Loss of half of its branches

  3. Loss of all of its leaves

  4. Loss of all its bark
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation
The loss of half of branches does not harm the tree much, as half of the branches are present to carry out photosynthesis and transpiration. This condition we can see in real day to day life also that if the half of the branches are cut down then also tree can be alive. 
Shedding of all leaves is carried out by the plant itself but it does not harm the tree. Soon after shedding, the new leaves can be observed on the tree. 
The bark is the outermost layer of the stems of the woody plants. All the tissues outside the vascular cambium are called as bark. It protects the tree from wear and tear, bacterial infection and water loss. If all of the bark of the tree is removed then water loss will dry out the tree and tree will also become vulnerable to infections. 
So, the correct answer is 'Loss of all its bark'
Multiple choice biology multicellular structure: tissue defense mechanism in plants epidermal tissue system kinds of plant tissue permanent tissues and their types

Scaly bark occurs in

  1. Eucalyptus

  2. Betula

  3. Psidium

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

The bark is composed of periderm and stem's secondary phloem, the cork cambium, phelloderm and cork cells together make up the periderm. Formation of new periderm layer renders the previous layer dead due to stoppage of water and nutrient supply and differentiates the bark into two regions, namely outer and inner bark. The cork, secondary cortex and phloem present just outside the innermost phellogen constitute outer bark while rest of the tissues present in the outer bark make inner bark. Formation of subsequent periderm layers as overlapping scales gives scaly bark as is present in Psidium. When the bark is peeled off as large sheets, it is termed as intermediate bark as is found in Eucalyptus and Betula.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.

Multiple choice biology soldiers of defense defense mechanism in plants epidermal tissue system kinds of plant tissue permanent tissues and their types

Scaly bark occurs in

  1. Eucalyptus

  2. Betula

  3. Psidium

  4. None of the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

Scaly bark refers to the type of bark of trees where the stem has discontinuous, overlapping successive periderms and patches of the bark are shed. This is generally found in Eucalyptus squamosa growing in and around Sydney.

So, the correct answer is option A.

Multiple choice physics universe and space heliocentric model introduction to gravitation introduction to gravity

When a fruit falls from a tree,

  1. only the earth attracts the fruit

  2. both the earth and the fruit attract each other

  3. only the fruit attracts the earth

  4. they repel each other
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

According to the law of physics, the earth attracts the apple and the apple attracts the earth with the same intensity of gravity ( according to 3rd law of dynamics). However the displacement of the two bodies is inversely to their respective masses. The earth attracts the apple i.e it falls on an apple in a billionth of a billionth of a millimeter which is impossible to see.

Thus when a fruit falls from a tree both the earth and the fruit attract each other.