Biology · Law Legal Studies

Forensic Science Techniques

654 Questions

Forensic science techniques involve the application of scientific methods like DNA fingerprinting, biometrics, and trace evidence analysis to solve crimes. These topics appear in specialized law enforcement and general science exams. Practice these questions to understand forensic fundamentals.

DNA fingerprinting methodsTrace evidence transferBiometrics and identificationForensic pathology

Forensic Science Techniques Questions

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Which is not an application of DNA finger printing

  1. Solving immigration cases

  2. Solving parternity cases

  3. Curing SCID

  4. Identifying gene mutation
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA fingerprinting is used for identification, forensics, and paternity, but it is not a therapeutic technique for curing genetic diseases like SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency).

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Some steps of DNA finger printing are given below. Identify the correct sequence from options given
a) Electrophoresis of DNA fragments
b) Hybridisation with DNA probe
c) Digestion of DNA by RENs
d) Autoradiography
e) Blotting of DNA fragments to nitrocellulose membrane

  1. c-a-e- b-d

  2. a-c- e - d-b

  3. c-a-b- e-d

  4. a-e-c-b-d
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The correct order is: digestion of DNA (c), electrophoresis (a), blotting (e), hybridization (b), and autoradiography (d).

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

In DNA finger printing, the process of DNA hybridisation with the help of specific DNA probe is called

  1. Western blotting

  2. Northern blotting

  3. Southern blotting

  4. All the above
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

Southern blotting is the specific technique used to transfer DNA fragments to a membrane and hybridize them with a probe.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Which takes place in DNA finger printing

  1. Multiple restriction enzymes generate unique fragments

  2. Polymerase chain reaction amplifies fewer DNA

  3. Variability of repeated sequences between two restriction sites is evaluated

  4. A positive identification can be made
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA fingerprinting relies on the variability of repetitive sequences (like VNTRs) located between restriction sites, which creates unique patterns for individuals.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Select the correct statements for DNA finger printing
i) It is ELISA based technique
(ii) It is PCR based technique
(iii) It is used by forensic scientists
(iv) It is based on finger prints of the individual
(v) It is a test for paternity.

  1. i, ii, iii

  2. ii, iii, v

  3. i, iv, v

  4. i, iii, iv
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

DNA fingerprinting is a PCR-based technique (ii), used in forensics (iii), and used for paternity testing (v). It is not ELISA-based and does not use physical finger prints.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Arrange in a sequence the given protocol for DNA finger printing
(a) Denaturating DNA (b) Blotting (c) Extraction of DNA (d) Fragmenting DNA (e) Separation of DNA fragments by electrophoresis (f) Hybridisation with probe (g) Exposure on film to make a DNA finger print

  1. c-d-e-a-b-f-g

  2. a-c-d-e- b -f-g

  3. a- c- b - d-e-f-g

  4. c-e-d-b-a-f-g
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
A Correct answer
Explanation

The standard protocol is: extraction (c), fragmentation (d), electrophoresis (e), denaturation (a), blotting (b), hybridization (f), and exposure (g).

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Assertion:  DNA fingerprinting involves identifying differences in some specific regions in DNA sequence.

Reason:  In repetitive DNA sequences, a small stretch of DNA is repeated many times.

  1. If both the assertion and the reason are true and the reason

    is a correct explanation of the assertion

  2. If both the assertion and reason are true but the reason is

    not a correct explanation of the assertion

  3. If the assertion is true but the reason is false

  4. If both the assertion and reason are false

  5. If the assertion is false but reason is true
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
B Correct answer
Explanation

Both statements are true: DNA fingerprinting relies on identifying differences in DNA sequences, and repetitive DNA sequences are indeed the basis for these differences. However, the reason explains the mechanism of the polymorphism, not the assertion directly.

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Basis of DNA fingerprinting is

  1. relative proportion of purines and pyrimidines

  2. relative difference in DNA occurrence in blood, skin and saliva

  3. relative amounts of DNA in ridges and groves of fingerprints

  4. satellite DNA occuring as highly short DNA segments.
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
D Correct answer
Explanation

By cutting a sample of DNA into fragments and comparing it with other samples it's possible to work out if the DNA has come from the same person. This technique is called DNA fingerprinting, and is a technique used to help solve crimes where the suspect may have left a sample of body tissue at the crime scene. Satellite DNA consists of very large arrays of tandemly repeating, non-coding DNA. Satellite DNA is the main component of functional centromeres, and form the main structural constituent of heterochromatin. The term satellite is used to describe DNA sequences that comprise short head-to-tail tandem repeats incorporating specific motifs. So, the correct option is "Satellite DNA occurring as highly short DNA segments."

Multiple choice zoology genetics of the future hgp and dna fingerprinting dna fingerprinting human genome project and dna fingerprinting

Which of the following is incorrect about DNA finger printing?

  1. It is not inherited from parents to offspring

  2. Show high degree of polymorphism

  3. It is used to detect sex during fetal development

  4. It is used in medico-legal suits
Reveal answer Fill a bubble to check yourself
C Correct answer
Explanation

DNA fingerprinting is based on inherited genetic markers, so it is inherited. It is not used to determine the sex of a fetus; other methods like ultrasound or amniocentesis are used for that.